J C Goodman1, M Van, S P Gopinath, C S Robertson. 1. Department of Neurosurgery, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza MS:BCM650, Houston, TX 77030, USA. jgoodman@bcm.tmc.edu
Abstract
BACKGROUND: The inflammatory response may contribute to cerebral edema, increased intracranial pressure and cellular loss in traumatic brain injury (TBI). Cytokines are biomarkers of this inflammatory response and new methods allow simultaneous measurement of multiple cytokines. METHODS: We examined the IL-1beta, IL-6, IL-8 and IL-12, TNFalpha, and IL-10 in arterial and jugular blood as well as cerebrospinal fluid in patients with severe traumatic brain injury. FINDINGS: Multiple cytokines, particularly pro-inflammatory cytokines, are up-regulated following TBI. Cerebrospinal fluid and arteriovenous differences of some of the cytokines suggest production within the central nervous system. Antiinflammatory cytokines are not up-regulated. CONCLUSIONS: Cytokine up-regulation may contribute to the neuroinflammatory reaction that follows traumatic brain injury and may contribute to secondary injury.
BACKGROUND: The inflammatory response may contribute to cerebral edema, increased intracranial pressure and cellular loss in traumatic brain injury (TBI). Cytokines are biomarkers of this inflammatory response and new methods allow simultaneous measurement of multiple cytokines. METHODS: We examined the IL-1beta, IL-6, IL-8 and IL-12, TNFalpha, and IL-10 in arterial and jugular blood as well as cerebrospinal fluid in patients with severe traumatic brain injury. FINDINGS: Multiple cytokines, particularly pro-inflammatory cytokines, are up-regulated following TBI. Cerebrospinal fluid and arteriovenous differences of some of the cytokines suggest production within the central nervous system. Antiinflammatory cytokines are not up-regulated. CONCLUSIONS: Cytokine up-regulation may contribute to the neuroinflammatory reaction that follows traumatic brain injury and may contribute to secondary injury.
Authors: Georgene W Hergenroeder; Anthony N Moore; J Philip McCoy; Leigh Samsel; Norman H Ward; Guy L Clifton; Pramod K Dash Journal: J Neuroinflammation Date: 2010-03-11 Impact factor: 8.322
Authors: Mousumi Ghosh; Daniela Garcia-Castillo; Vladimir Aguirre; Roozbeh Golshani; Coleen M Atkins; Helen M Bramlett; W Dalton Dietrich; Damien D Pearse Journal: Glia Date: 2012-08-02 Impact factor: 7.452