BACKGROUND: The seroprevalence of Human T-cell Leukemia Virus Type 1 (HTLV-1) is female predominant despite the higher incidence of Adult T-cell Leukemia (ATL) in males. If the mother-to-child transmission of HTLV-1 is more common for male infants than in female infants, longer exposure to the virus for males may explain the paradoxically higher incidence of ATL. OBJECTIVES: To test the hypothesis that the seroprevalence of HTLV-1 is male predominant during adolescence. STUDY DESIGN: The presence of HTLV-1 antibody in 272,043 blood samples donated to a regional blood bank in an HTLV-1 high-endemic region was assessed. RESULTS: The entire population of female donors had a significantly higher seroprevalence compared to males (2.05% and 1.80%, respectively, p<0.0001). However, compared with male donors, the carrier rate for female donors was lower for the youngest subgroup (16-19 years, p=0.0011); was similar for the next two age subgroups (20-29 years and 30-39 years); and was significantly higher for the last two age subgroups (40-49 years and over 50-64 years, both p<0.0001). In general, older age subgroups led to higher seroprevalence in both genders. CONCLUSIONS: HTLV-1 infection is more common for males until after age 20, when male to female sexual transmission becomes likely. This suggests that mother-to-child transmission is more common for males.
BACKGROUND: The seroprevalence of Human T-cell Leukemia Virus Type 1 (HTLV-1) is female predominant despite the higher incidence of Adult T-cell Leukemia (ATL) in males. If the mother-to-child transmission of HTLV-1 is more common for male infants than in female infants, longer exposure to the virus for males may explain the paradoxically higher incidence of ATL. OBJECTIVES: To test the hypothesis that the seroprevalence of HTLV-1 is male predominant during adolescence. STUDY DESIGN: The presence of HTLV-1 antibody in 272,043 blood samples donated to a regional blood bank in an HTLV-1 high-endemic region was assessed. RESULTS: The entire population of female donors had a significantly higher seroprevalence compared to males (2.05% and 1.80%, respectively, p<0.0001). However, compared with male donors, the carrier rate for female donors was lower for the youngest subgroup (16-19 years, p=0.0011); was similar for the next two age subgroups (20-29 years and 30-39 years); and was significantly higher for the last two age subgroups (40-49 years and over 50-64 years, both p<0.0001). In general, older age subgroups led to higher seroprevalence in both genders. CONCLUSIONS:HTLV-1 infection is more common for males until after age 20, when male to female sexual transmission becomes likely. This suggests that mother-to-child transmission is more common for males.
Authors: Kathleen F Walsh; Myung Hee Lee; Josef A Brejt; Mary J Reust; Marc Jean Juste; Genevieve Hilaire; Jean William Pape; Serena Koenig; Kathryn Dupnik Journal: Am J Trop Med Hyg Date: 2022-03-14 Impact factor: 3.707
Authors: Larissa M Bandeira; Silvia N O Uehara; Marcel A Asato; Gabriela S Aguena; Cristiane M Maedo; Nikolas H Benites; Marco A M Puga; Grazielli R Rezende; Carolina M Finotti; Gabriela A Cesar; Tayana S O Tanaka; Vivianne O L Castro; Koko Otsuki; Ana C P Vicente; Carlos E Fernandes; Ana R C Motta-Castro Journal: PLoS Negl Trop Dis Date: 2015-04-17
Authors: María C Frutos; Rene Gastaldello; Marcos Balangero; Carlos Remondegui; Sebastián Blanco; Koko Otsuki; Ana Carolina Paulo Vicente; David Elías; Arnaldo Mangeaud; Silvia Nates; Sandra Gallego Journal: PLoS One Date: 2017-04-06 Impact factor: 3.240
Authors: Larissa M Bandeira; Marco A M Puga; Sabrina M S Weis-Torres; Grazielli R Rezende; João A Domingos; Tayana S O Tanaka; Gabriela A Cesar; Youko Nukui; Ana C P Vicente; Jorge Casseb; Juliana Yamashiro; Aluísio C Segurado; Murilo O Saito; João R R Pinho; Rivaldo V Cunha; Osnei Okumoto; Silvia N O Uehara; Ana R C Motta-Castro Journal: PLoS Negl Trop Dis Date: 2021-02-05
Authors: Carlos Araujo da Costa; Karen Cristini Yumi Ogawa Furtado; Louise de Souza Canto Ferreira; Danilo de Souza Almeida; Alexandre da Costa Linhares; Ricardo Ishak; Antonio Carlos Rosário Vallinoto; José Alexandre Rodrigues de Lemos; Luisa Caricio Martins; Edna Aoba Yassui Ishikawa; Rita Catarina Medeiros de Sousa; Maísa Silva de Sousa Journal: PLoS Negl Trop Dis Date: 2013-06-13