Osteoporosis: management and treatment strategies for orthopaedic surgeons.

Osteoporosis is a metabolic condition that is gaining increasing attention as people live longer. It may frequently be present in patients with and without fracture. Nonpharmacologic methods and pharmacologic methods may be used to treat osteoporosis and related fractures. The ultimate goal in managing and treating osteoporosis is to optimize fracture risk reduction. Commonly used nonpharmacologic interventions include calcium and vitamin D supplementation, fall prevention, hip protectors, and balance and exercise programs. These interventions act in conjunction with pharmacologic methods, if prescribed.