Secretory pathway of vitellogenesis in the liver of the cockerel as revealed by immuno-gold and computer-assisted digitization techniques.

The protein A-gold immunocytochemical technique was used to localize the secretory pathway of oestradiol-induced vitellogenin in hepatic parenchymal cells of the cockerel. Liver was removed from experimental birds on the 1st, 4th and 8th day following oestradiol-treatment, and embedded in Lowicryl K4M resin cured at -20 degrees C. In selected electron micrographs the fractional surface area of each of the intracellular compartments was measured by the computer-assisted digitization technique. Labelling was detected over the cisternae of the rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER), the Golgi apparatus, the immature secretory vacuoles (ISV) including condensing vacuoles and the mature secretory vacuoles (MSV). Counts of the gold particles demonstrated an increasing concentration which progressed in the order RER less than Golgi less than ISV less than MSV and identified the secretory pathway of the protein. The highest density of labelling was obtained on the 4th day, when vitellogenin reaches its peak activity. Autophagic activity (or crinophagy) was also found in lysosomes and its labelling intensity increased daily. A hypothesis concerning the secretory pathway of non-stored proteins by the liver is discussed further.