Pediatric endonasal endoscopic dacryocystorhinostomy.

Dacryocystorhinostomy (DCR) in children is indicated in cases of common congenital nasolacrimal duct obstruction (CNLDO) unresponsive to medical therapy, probing or intubation. The purpose of this manuscript is to evaluate the effectiveness of endonasal endoscopic pediatric DCR. The authors present a series of eight children (seven boys and one girl) who underwent a pediatric endonasal DCR between September 2007 and December 2008. The mean age was: 4.3 years (range: 8 months to 9 years old). Three children had a craniofacial abnormality. There were ten primary DCRs and one revision DCR. In nine cases, the indication was a pure primary low mechanical obstruction persistent after one or more probings. In the 10th case there was also a stenosis of the inferior canaliculus diagnosed during the DCR. The revision DCR was indicated because of the closure of the stoma created 3 years ago. A silicone intubation was put in place only in two cases: in case of a stenosis of the inferior canaliculus (3 months) and the other in case of revision DCR (1 month). The follow-up for primary DCRs was 10.5 months (range: 6-15) and for revision surgery 6 months (after the retrieve of the stent). In primary DCRs, there was a complete resolution of symptoms in nine out of 10 cases. The 10th case experienced a transient slight epiphora during a viral rhinitis. In case of revision DCR, the child was free of symptoms. In conclusion pediatric DCR is a very effective and safe procedure for the treatment of a low mechanical obstruction of the lacrimal pathway in children unresponsive to previous probings. Stenosis of the inferior canaliculus can give some slight intermittent epiphora despite a wide and patent stoma. Moreover craniofacial abnormalities are more common in children than in adults undergoing a DCR.