Current prostate cancer treatments: effect on quality of life.

Patients with prostate cancer (PCa) are presented with multiple therapeutic options. However, the evidence supporting a survival benefit with current PCa therapies is often limited and data directly comparing the available options are lacking. Although dramatic improvements have been made in the treatment methods available for PCa and there has been a decline in death rates for the disease, each active intervention has potential side effects and long-term complications that can adversely affect quality of life (QOL). The cancer diagnosis and management strategies can also negatively affect the QOL of patients and their families. The healthcare costs associated with cancer treatment are another factor to consider. When determining treatment options, patients and physicians should consider the efficacy of the therapy, as well as the safety, effect on QOL, and cost. As a part of a risk reduction strategy, effective screening programs, along with possible therapeutic agents, could have a positive effect on QOL and offer a preemptive benefit to patients at increased risk of PCa.