Anne Bartu1, Leon J Dusci, Kenneth F Ilett. 1. School of Nursing and Midwifery, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University of Technology, GPO Box U1987, Perth, Western Australia, 6845, Australia. anne.bartu@health.wa.gov.au
Abstract
AIMS: To investigate the transfer of amphetamines into breast milk following their recreational use and estimate drug exposure for the breastfed infant. METHODS: Two breastfeeding mothers who were occasional recreational users of intravenous amphetamines were studied. A urine sample was collected 4 h after dose, and milk samples were collected over 24 h. Drug in urine was qualitatively identified by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and quantification in milk was by high-performance liquid chromatography. Absolute infant dose via milk was estimated. RESULTS: The urines contained predominantly methylamphetamine together with smaller amounts of amphetamine. In the 24 h after dose, average concentrations in milk were 111 microg l(-1) and 281 microg l(-1) for methylamphetamine and 4 microg l(-1) and 15 microg l(-1) for amphetamine in cases 1 and 2, respectively. Absolute infant doses for methylamphetamine plus amphetamine (as methylamphetamine equivalents) were 17.5 microg kg(-1) day(-1) and 44.7 microg kg(-1) day(-1), respectively, for cases 1 and 2. CONCLUSION: These limited data suggest that breastfeeding should be withheld for 48 h after recreational amphetamine use.
AIMS: To investigate the transfer of amphetamines into breast milk following their recreational use and estimate drug exposure for the breastfed infant. METHODS: Two breastfeeding mothers who were occasional recreational users of intravenous amphetamines were studied. A urine sample was collected 4 h after dose, and milk samples were collected over 24 h. Drug in urine was qualitatively identified by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and quantification in milk was by high-performance liquid chromatography. Absolute infant dose via milk was estimated. RESULTS: The urines contained predominantly methylamphetamine together with smaller amounts of amphetamine. In the 24 h after dose, average concentrations in milk were 111 microg l(-1) and 281 microg l(-1) for methylamphetamine and 4 microg l(-1) and 15 microg l(-1) for amphetamine in cases 1 and 2, respectively. Absolute infant doses for methylamphetamine plus amphetamine (as methylamphetamine equivalents) were 17.5 microg kg(-1) day(-1) and 44.7 microg kg(-1) day(-1), respectively, for cases 1 and 2. CONCLUSION: These limited data suggest that breastfeeding should be withheld for 48 h after recreational amphetamine use.
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