Identification of risk factors for lameness in dressage horses.

The aim of this study was to describe the prevalence of illness and lameness at different anatomical sites in registered United Kingdom dressage horses and to identify risk factors for lameness. A questionnaire was sent to all 11,363 registered members of British Dressage in 2005, with one questionnaire assigned per horse. Four multivariable logistic regression models were developed for each section of the questionnaire. A final mixed effects logistic regression model was developed which combined the results from all prior models. Owners reported that 33% of horses had been lame at some time during their career, with 24% of these within the previous 2 years. A number of factors were associated with the occurrence of lameness in the last 2 years, including age, height, indoor arenas, horse-walkers, lunging (as protective), back problems, arenas that become deeper in wet conditions and sand-based arenas. These factors were included as variables in a final model to provide information for selection of horses, development of safer arenas and more effective training regimens to minimise the onset of lameness. Copyright 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.