Phosphorylation analysis of primary human T lymphocytes using sequential IMAC and titanium oxide enrichment.

T lymphocytes mediate cellular and humoral defense against foreign bodies or autoantigens. An understanding of T-cell information processing furthers studies of the immunological response. We describe a large-scale phosphorylation analysis of primary T cells using a multidimensional separation strategy, involving preparative SDS-PAGE for prefractionation, in-gel digestion and sequential phosphopeptide enrichment using IMAC and TiO2. A total of 281 phosphorylation sites (197 of high confidence, Ascore > 15), mapping to 204 human gene sequences, were identified by LC-MS(n) analysis in an LTQ linear ion trap. Subsequently, we created the LymPHOS database (http://lymphos.org), which links mass spectrometric peptide information to phosphorylation sites and phosphoprotein sequences.