OBJECTIVE: Social withdrawal, a core feature of negative symptoms, is differentiated into passive social withdrawal (PSW) and active social avoidance (ASA). We examined whether this differentiation was related to differences in underlying psychological processes of object relations and reality testing. METHOD: Two hundred seventy-two outpatients with schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorders from VA Connecticut Healthcare System/Connecticut Mental Health Center were evaluated using the Bell Object Relations and Reality Testing Inventory (BORRTI) and the Positive And Negative Symptoms Scale. RESULTS: Distinct patterns were found; PSW was associated with object relation subscales explaining 5% of the variance, ASA was associated with object relations and all reality testing subscales explaining 12% of the variance. CONCLUSIONS: Findings suggest differences in the underlying mechanisms behind PSW and ASA, confirming that PSW is a primary negative symptom, while ASA is related more to positive symptoms.
OBJECTIVE: Social withdrawal, a core feature of negative symptoms, is differentiated into passive social withdrawal (PSW) and active social avoidance (ASA). We examined whether this differentiation was related to differences in underlying psychological processes of object relations and reality testing. METHOD: Two hundred seventy-two outpatients with schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorders from VA Connecticut Healthcare System/Connecticut Mental Health Center were evaluated using the Bell Object Relations and Reality Testing Inventory (BORRTI) and the Positive And Negative Symptoms Scale. RESULTS: Distinct patterns were found; PSW was associated with object relation subscales explaining 5% of the variance, ASA was associated with object relations and all reality testing subscales explaining 12% of the variance. CONCLUSIONS: Findings suggest differences in the underlying mechanisms behind PSW and ASA, confirming that PSW is a primary negative symptom, while ASA is related more to positive symptoms.
Authors: Francesco Dal Santo; Eduardo Fonseca-Pedrero; María Paz García-Portilla; Leticia González-Blanco; Pilar A Sáiz; Silvana Galderisi; Giulia Maria Giordano; Julio Bobes Journal: Eur Psychiatry Date: 2022-06-10 Impact factor: 7.156
Authors: Eva Hradetzky; Thomas M Sanderson; Tsz M Tsang; John L Sherwood; Stephen M Fitzjohn; Viktor Lakics; Nadia Malik; Stephanie Schoeffmann; Michael J O'Neill; Tammy Mk Cheng; Laura W Harris; Hassan Rahmoune; Paul C Guest; Emanuele Sher; Graham L Collingridge; Elaine Holmes; Mark D Tricklebank; Sabine Bahn Journal: Neuropsychopharmacology Date: 2011-09-28 Impact factor: 7.853
Authors: Stephanie M Perez; Jennifer J Donegan; Angela M Boley; David D Aguilar; Andrea Giuffrida; Daniel J Lodge Journal: Schizophr Res Date: 2018-12-03 Impact factor: 4.939
Authors: James B Kirkbride; Yasir Hameed; Konstantinos Ioannidis; Gayatri Ankireddypalli; Carolyn M Crane; Mukhtar Nasir; Nikolett Kabacs; Antonio Metastasio; Oliver Jenkins; Ashkan Espandian; Styliani Spyridi; Danica Ralevic; Suneetha Siddabattuni; Ben Walden; Adewale Adeoye; Jesus Perez; Peter B Jones Journal: Schizophr Bull Date: 2017-10-21 Impact factor: 9.306
Authors: Domenico Giacco; Rose McCabe; Thomas Kallert; Lars Hansson; Andrea Fiorillo; Stefan Priebe Journal: PLoS One Date: 2012-11-21 Impact factor: 3.240