OBJECTIVES: To determine the prevalence of HIV in Hainan island and the molecular epidemiological linkages related to risk factors of viral transmission. METHODS: A governmental HIV/AIDS surveillance program, HIV serological study was conducted in volunteers from several high-risk groups between 1991 and 2006 in Hainan province. By phylogenetic reconstruction, we performed a molecular epidemiological tracing in a representative subset of the HIV-1-seropositive individuals diagnosed during this survey. RESULTS: Of 499 752 volunteers, 523 (0.1%) accumulated cases of HIV-1 infection (69.2% needle-sharing drug users, 19.3% heterosexually acquired adults, 3.3% receivers of blood transfusion, 0.8% children born from HIV-1-infected mothers, and 7.7% remained unknown) were diagnosed. Among 83 patient samples examined (70 were infected with HIV-1 subtypes CRF01_AE and eight, two, one, one, and one were B', C, CRF08_BC, B, and a new CRF01_AE/B' recombinant, respectively), 66 (79.5%) were segregated into one large cluster (59 sequences) (founder effect) and one small cluster (three sequences) of CRF01_AE, one small cluster (two sequences) of B', and one small cluster (two sequences) of C. Phylogenetic and epidemiological linkages confirmed four heterosexual transmission events and rejected two potential heterosexual transmission suggested by contact tracing. Only two cases of CRF01_AE showed mutations conferring resistance to nucleoside and nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors. CONCLUSION: The reconstruction of current HIV-1 outbreaks by molecular epidemiological tracing is helpful for identifying epidemic sources and for defining prevention strategies.
OBJECTIVES: To determine the prevalence of HIV in Hainan island and the molecular epidemiological linkages related to risk factors of viral transmission. METHODS: A governmental HIV/AIDS surveillance program, HIV serological study was conducted in volunteers from several high-risk groups between 1991 and 2006 in Hainan province. By phylogenetic reconstruction, we performed a molecular epidemiological tracing in a representative subset of the HIV-1-seropositive individuals diagnosed during this survey. RESULTS: Of 499 752 volunteers, 523 (0.1%) accumulated cases of HIV-1 infection (69.2% needle-sharing drug users, 19.3% heterosexually acquired adults, 3.3% receivers of blood transfusion, 0.8% children born from HIV-1-infected mothers, and 7.7% remained unknown) were diagnosed. Among 83 patient samples examined (70 were infected with HIV-1 subtypes CRF01_AE and eight, two, one, one, and one were B', C, CRF08_BC, B, and a new CRF01_AE/B' recombinant, respectively), 66 (79.5%) were segregated into one large cluster (59 sequences) (founder effect) and one small cluster (three sequences) of CRF01_AE, one small cluster (two sequences) of B', and one small cluster (two sequences) of C. Phylogenetic and epidemiological linkages confirmed four heterosexual transmission events and rejected two potential heterosexual transmission suggested by contact tracing. Only two cases of CRF01_AE showed mutations conferring resistance to nucleoside and nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors. CONCLUSION: The reconstruction of current HIV-1 outbreaks by molecular epidemiological tracing is helpful for identifying epidemic sources and for defining prevention strategies.
Authors: Nicole E Alexander; Philip A Chan; Tanya O Rogo; Zoanne Parillo; Carola A Browning; Brittany S Isabell; Casandra Calcione; Sutopa Chowdhury; Peter Simon; Rami Kantor Journal: Med Health R I Date: 2012-08
Authors: Natalia Ristic; Jean Zukurov; Wagner Alkmim; Ricardo Sobhie Diaz; Luiz Mario Janini; Mario P S Chin Journal: PLoS One Date: 2011-03-01 Impact factor: 3.240
Authors: Haijiang Lin; Na He; Sujuan Zhou; Yingying Ding; Danhong Qiu; Tiejun Zhang; Frank Y Wong Journal: Am J Epidemiol Date: 2013-01-24 Impact factor: 4.897
Authors: Vladimir Novitsky; Hermann Bussmann; Andrew Logan; Sikhulile Moyo; Erik van Widenfelt; Lillian Okui; Mompati Mmalane; Jeannie Baca; Lauren Buck; Eleanor Phillips; David Tim; Mary Fran McLane; Quanhong Lei; Rui Wang; Joseph Makhema; Shahin Lockman; Victor DeGruttola; M Essex Journal: PLoS One Date: 2013-12-11 Impact factor: 3.240