Basal transepidermal water loss, skin thickness, skin blood flow and skin colour in relation to sodium-lauryl-sulphate-induced irritation in normal skin.

The influence of basal transepidermal water loss (TEWL), skin thickness, blood flow and skin colour on susceptibility to sodium-lauryl-sulphate(SLS)-induced irritant contact dermatitis was studied in 70 healthy volunteers. SLS 0.5% was applied as a patch test. For assessment of basal values and skin response to SLS, bioengineering methods were used: TEWL was measured by an evaporimeter, skin thickness by ultrasound A-scan, blood flow by laser Doppler flowmetry, and skin colour by a colorimeter, using the L*a*b* system of the Commission Internationale de l'Eclairage (CIE). By use of multiple regression analysis, it was demonstrated that basal TEWL was substantially related to skin susceptibility to SLS, high basal TEWL predicting an increased susceptibility to SLS. Also increased light reflection from the skin, indicating a 'fair' skin, was found to be associated with increased susceptibility to SLS.