BACKGROUND: Racemic (R,S)-albuterol is a 1:1 mixture of an R-enantiomer which has bronchodilatory and anti-inflammatory effects, and an S-enantiomer which is associated with increased airway hyperreactivity and proinflammatory effects. Proinflammatory effects of regularly inhalated and S-albuterol have not been studied in a whole-animal model. We hypothesized that regular administration of R,S-albuterol or S-albuterol, but not R-albuterol, would induce airway inflammation in healthy and asthmatic cats. METHODS: Six healthy and 5 experimentally asthmatic cats were randomized to receive inhaled R,S-albuterol, S-albuterol, R-albuterol, or placebo (saline) twice daily for 2 weeks, followed by a 6-week washout before crossover to the next treatment. Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid was collected for cell counts and cytokine analysis prior to and at the end of each 2-week treatment. RESULTS: Healthy and asthmatic cats receiving R,S- and S-albuterol had higher total lavage cell numbers (p = 0.04 and p = 0.02, respectively) than those receiving R-albuterol and placebo. The number of lavage eosinophils and the TNF-alpha bioactivity was higher in asthmatic cats receiving R,S- and S-albuterol compared with those receiving the other treatments (p = 0.03 and p = 0.004, respectively). In healthy cats, the number of lavage neutrophils was higher when they received R,S- and S-albuterol compared with other treatments (p = 0.04). CONCLUSION: Airway inflammation is induced in both healthy and asthmatic cats with regular inhalation of racemic and S-albuterol, but not with R-albuterol. Copyright 2009 S. Karger AG, Basel.
BACKGROUND: Racemic (R,S)-albuterol is a 1:1 mixture of an R-enantiomer which has bronchodilatory and anti-inflammatory effects, and an S-enantiomer which is associated with increased airway hyperreactivity and proinflammatory effects. Proinflammatory effects of regularly inhalated and S-albuterol have not been studied in a whole-animal model. We hypothesized that regular administration of R,S-albuterol or S-albuterol, but not R-albuterol, would induce airway inflammation in healthy and asthmatic cats. METHODS: Six healthy and 5 experimentally asthmatic cats were randomized to receive inhaled R,S-albuterol, S-albuterol, R-albuterol, or placebo (saline) twice daily for 2 weeks, followed by a 6-week washout before crossover to the next treatment. Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid was collected for cell counts and cytokine analysis prior to and at the end of each 2-week treatment. RESULTS: Healthy and asthmatic cats receiving R,S- and S-albuterol had higher total lavage cell numbers (p = 0.04 and p = 0.02, respectively) than those receiving R-albuterol and placebo. The number of lavage eosinophils and the TNF-alpha bioactivity was higher in asthmatic cats receiving R,S- and S-albuterol compared with those receiving the other treatments (p = 0.03 and p = 0.004, respectively). In healthy cats, the number of lavage neutrophils was higher when they received R,S- and S-albuterol compared with other treatments (p = 0.04). CONCLUSION: Airway inflammation is induced in both healthy and asthmatic cats with regular inhalation of racemic and S-albuterol, but not with R-albuterol. Copyright 2009 S. Karger AG, Basel.
Authors: Claire A Gross; Russell P Bowler; Rebecca M Green; Andrew R Weinberger; Christina Schnell; Hong Wei Chu Journal: BMC Pulm Med Date: 2010-05-14 Impact factor: 3.317
Authors: Lorraine Murphy; Stephen Rennard; James Donohue; Mathieu Molimard; Ronald Dahl; Kai-Michael Beeh; Juergen Dederichs; Hans-Jürgen Fülle; Mark Higgins; David Young Journal: Drugs Date: 2014-09 Impact factor: 9.546
Authors: Yan G Fulcher; Martial Fotso; Chee-Hoon Chang; Hans Rindt; Carol R Reinero; Steven R Van Doren Journal: PLoS One Date: 2016-10-20 Impact factor: 3.240