Metamemory and memory test performance in stroke patients.

Memory Self-Efficacy (MSE) has been shown to be related to memory performance and social participation in a healthy elderly population. This relation is unclear in stroke. As about 30% of all stroke survivors report memory complaints, there is an urgent need for effective treatment strategies. Before implementing MSE as a potential target in memory training, it should be examined whether the association between MSE and memory performance demonstrated in healthy elderly people also applies in stroke patients. This study therefore explored the predictive value of MSE on two kinds of memory tests in stroke patients; adjusted and unadjusted for age, gender, education and location of stroke. In 57 stroke patients, the Metamemory in Adulthood Questionnaire (MIA), an everyday memory test (RBMT) and a more traditional memory test (AVLT) were completed. The results show that MSE significantly predicts memory test performance on both memory tests (RBMT: beta = .34; p = .01 AVLT: beta = .28; p = .04). When adjusted for gender, age, education and location of stroke, the predictive value of MSE remained significant for the AVLT (RBMT: beta = .23; p = .07; AVLT: beta = .23; p = .05). The results support the hypothesis that MSE predicts test performance in stroke patients and, by consequence, enables improving memory performance in post-acute memory rehabilitation after stroke.