Obstetric hemorrhage.

Despite advances is medical and surgical therapy, obstetric hemorrhage remains a significant medical problem for both the developing and developed world. Depending on the definition that is used, postpartum hemorrhage complicates up to 18% of all deliveries. It is the single most important cause of maternal mortality worldwide, accounting for 25% to 30% of all maternal deaths, and it is the most common maternal morbidity in the developed world. Most cases of hemorrhage are related to uterine atony and abnormal placentation; however, many patients have no identifiable risk factors. Implementation of the active management of labor has resulted in a significant reduction in the incidence postpartum hemorrhage. However, a large number of cases still involve suboptimal care, with delays in diagnosis and treatment identified as common deficiencies.