An ultrafast chargeable polymer electrode based on the combination of nitroxide radical and aqueous electrolyte.

A film of poly(2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidinyloxy-4-yl vinylether) coated on a current collector displayed a rapid and reversible electrochemical response in aqueous electrolytes, and allowed an ultrafast full charging of 3 mC cm(-2) in as short as 3 seconds by virtue of the combination of the hydrophilic radical polymer and the aqueous electrolyte possessing a high electrical conductivity.