Respiratory muscle training in athletes with spinal cord injury.

The effect of respiratory muscle endurance training (RMET) on RM function, dyspnoea and exercise performance was evaluated in SCI athletes. Nine endurance athletes (7 paraplegics T4-L1, 2 post-polio syndromes) were evaluated on three occasions (T1-T3), with a 1-month interval between evaluations. Participants performed between T1 and T2 their standard individual exercise training program (control), and between T2 and T3 the same program with 5 additional RMET sessions per week. Each evaluation included: lung function tests, RM strength and endurance tests, a maximal incremental arm cranking test and a field test (simulated competition). Ventilation and dyspnoea were evaluated during each exercise test. Lung function variables and maximal inspiratory strength were not modified (p>0.05) while maximal expiratory strength (+23+/-36 cm H2O; p<0.01) and respiratory endurance (+3 min 33 s+/-2 min 42 s, p<0.01) increased from T2 to T3. During the arm cranking test, exercise duration and maximal power output were slightly increased at T3 compared to T2 (+46+/-39 s, p=0.09 and +8+/-8 W, p=0.08) while ventilation and dyspnoea remained similar. During the field test, exercise time (-10+/-33 s, p=0.37) and ventilation were unchanged but dyspnoea was reduced (-2+/-2 pts, p=0.02) between T2 and T3. We concluded that RMET can improve RM function, reduce the perception of dyspnoea but modifies only slightly exercise performance in SCI athletes.