V A Sheverdin1, M S Hur, S Y Won, W C Song, K S Hu, K S Koh, H J Kim. 1. Division of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Department of Oral Biology, Oral Science Research Center, Human Identification Research Center, Research Center for Orofacial Hard Tissue Regeneration, BK 21 Project, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, 134 Shinchon-dong, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 120-752, South Korea.
Abstract
PURPOSE: To compare the distribution of extramuscular nerve branches with their intramuscular ramifications in the triceps surae muscle, thus providing anatomical substantiation for the topography of muscle resection and botulinum toxin injections. METHODS: Dissection and modified Sihler's staining of 18 whole-mount human cadaveric specimens. RESULTS: The distance between the areas with the highest extramuscular branch density and the area of densest intramuscular arborization in gastrocnemius and soleus muscles is approximately 10% of the calf length. This finding should be taken into consideration during nerve blocking and botulinum toxin injections for the treatment of spasticity. Intramuscular nerve arborization patterns make it possible to outline neuromuscular segments in the gastrocnemius and soleus muscles. CONCLUSIONS: Surgical or therapeutic interventions in areas of high extramuscular and intramuscular nerve density can increase the efficacy and safety of botulinum toxin injections and neurotomy. Intramuscular nerve branching patterns should be taken into consideration during triceps surae resection.
PURPOSE: To compare the distribution of extramuscular nerve branches with their intramuscular ramifications in the triceps surae muscle, thus providing anatomical substantiation for the topography of muscle resection and botulinum toxin injections. METHODS: Dissection and modified Sihler's staining of 18 whole-mount human cadaveric specimens. RESULTS: The distance between the areas with the highest extramuscular branch density and the area of densest intramuscular arborization in gastrocnemius and soleus muscles is approximately 10% of the calf length. This finding should be taken into consideration during nerve blocking and botulinum toxin injections for the treatment of spasticity. Intramuscular nerve arborization patterns make it possible to outline neuromuscular segments in the gastrocnemius and soleus muscles. CONCLUSIONS: Surgical or therapeutic interventions in areas of high extramuscular and intramuscular nerve density can increase the efficacy and safety of botulinum toxin injections and neurotomy. Intramuscular nerve branching patterns should be taken into consideration during triceps surae resection.
Authors: Kevin Buffenoir; Thomas Roujeau; Françoise Lapierre; Philippe Menei; Dominique Menegalli-Boggelli; Patrick Mertens; Philippe Decq Journal: Neurosurgery Date: 2004-11 Impact factor: 4.654
Authors: Engin Calguner; Deniz Erdogan; Cigdem Elmas; Meltem Bahcelioglu; Rabet Gozil; Mehmet Suhan Ayhan Journal: Med Princ Pract Date: 2006 Impact factor: 1.927
Authors: Maria E Ceballos-Villegas; Juan J Saldaña Mena; Ana L Gutierrez Lozano; Francisco J Sepúlveda-Cañamar; Nayeli Huidobro; Elias Manjarrez; Joel Lomeli Journal: Front Hum Neurosci Date: 2017-11-01 Impact factor: 3.169