Glucocorticoids influence on mesenchymal stem cells and implications for metabolic disease.

Metabolic disease is a well established major public health problem in the adult population. However, the origins of metabolic disease of adults can begin early in life. In addition, in recent years, there has been a disturbing increase in the number of children developing the full presentation of metabolic disease as a result of the increase in obesity in this population. Therefore, pediatricians and pediatric physician-scientists are essential both for instituting preventive measures and developing new therapies. This challenge has been met with a substantial increase in research into both the clinical and basic science of metabolism. A connection between glucocorticoids and the origins of metabolic disease is one enticing clue because of the clinical similarity between patients with glucocorticoid excess and those with metabolic disease. This perspective highlights one series of investigations that has advanced our understanding of the development of metabolic disease. In this work, a unifying link was found by investigating the role of glucocorticoids on cell fate and differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells. We conclude that elucidating the mechanisms by which glucocorticoids modulate cell fate decisions holds promise for developing new therapies and preventative measures.