Monoamine oxidase inhibitors prevent striatal neuronal necrosis induced by transient forebrain ischemia.

Seven days after 30 min of ischemia, neuronal necrosis was observed in the striatum. Pretreatment with type A monoamine oxidase (MAO-A) inhibitors, clorgyline and RS-8359 ((+)-4-(4-cyanoanilino)-7-hydroxycyclopenta (3,2-e) pyrimidine) decreased significantly the number of necrotic neurons and inhibited changes in the dopamine metabolite contents during and after transient ischemia. An MAO-B inhibitor, deprenyl also decreased the neuronal necrosis, but it inhibited only the changes in 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid (DOPAC) content after reperfusion. The results suggest that the activation of dopamine metabolism after transient ischemia was mainly mediated by MAO-A and partly by MAO-B and suggest a possible role of dopamine deamination by MAO in the development of ischemic neuronal necrosis.