OBJECTIVE: To assess prospectively, in healthy subjects and in patients with dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) and hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy (HOCM), the 3-dimensional (3D) shape, size, and motion of the mitral annulus (MA) using computed tomography (CT). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Twenty patients with no cardiac abnormalities (referred to as normals), 15 with DCM, and 15 with HOCM as determined by echocardiography underwent contrast-enhanced, retrospectively electrocardiography (ECG)-gated 64-slice CT of the heart. The MA was manually segmented in 10% steps of the RR interval with dedicated 3D software employing the point-wrap algorithm. The MA shape, area size, change of the MA area, and apicobasal MA motion throughout the cardiac cycle was determined and compared between the groups. Intercommissural distances were measured with CT and compared with findings during surgery in 9 patients undergoing ring annuloplasty. RESULTS: The MA was nonplanar in all phases and subjects, being largest in diastole and smallest in systole. The MA area was significantly (P < 0.001) larger in patients with DCM (11.5 +/- 4.1 cm/m) as compared with normals (5.5 +/- 0.9 cm/m) and HOCM (4.7 +/- 0.9 cm/m). The change of MA area throughout the cardiac cycle was significantly (P < 0.017) smaller in patients with DCM (12.2 +/- 3.3%/m) as compared with normals (20.0 +/- 7.9%/m) and HOCM (20.5 +/- 7.7%/m). The mean apicobasal motion was significantly (P < 0.017) smaller in patients with DCM (2.2 +/- 1.0 mm/m) as compared with normals (3.6 +/- 0.8 mm/m) and HOCM (2.7 +/- 0.7 mm/m). Intercommissural distances as determined by CT showed a good correlation (r = 0.68, P < 0.05) with intraoperative measurements (mean difference, 0.44 mm; limits of agreement, -2.73-3.62 mm). CONCLUSION: Our study provides in vivo human data on the 3D shape, size, and motion of the MA in healthy subjects. Significant changes in size and motion of the MA were noted in patients with HOCM.
OBJECTIVE: To assess prospectively, in healthy subjects and in patients with dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) and hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy (HOCM), the 3-dimensional (3D) shape, size, and motion of the mitral annulus (MA) using computed tomography (CT). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Twenty patients with no cardiac abnormalities (referred to as normals), 15 with DCM, and 15 with HOCM as determined by echocardiography underwent contrast-enhanced, retrospectively electrocardiography (ECG)-gated 64-slice CT of the heart. The MA was manually segmented in 10% steps of the RR interval with dedicated 3D software employing the point-wrap algorithm. The MA shape, area size, change of the MA area, and apicobasal MA motion throughout the cardiac cycle was determined and compared between the groups. Intercommissural distances were measured with CT and compared with findings during surgery in 9 patients undergoing ring annuloplasty. RESULTS: The MA was nonplanar in all phases and subjects, being largest in diastole and smallest in systole. The MA area was significantly (P < 0.001) larger in patients with DCM (11.5 +/- 4.1 cm/m) as compared with normals (5.5 +/- 0.9 cm/m) and HOCM (4.7 +/- 0.9 cm/m). The change of MA area throughout the cardiac cycle was significantly (P < 0.017) smaller in patients with DCM (12.2 +/- 3.3%/m) as compared with normals (20.0 +/- 7.9%/m) and HOCM (20.5 +/- 7.7%/m). The mean apicobasal motion was significantly (P < 0.017) smaller in patients with DCM (2.2 +/- 1.0 mm/m) as compared with normals (3.6 +/- 0.8 mm/m) and HOCM (2.7 +/- 0.7 mm/m). Intercommissural distances as determined by CT showed a good correlation (r = 0.68, P < 0.05) with intraoperative measurements (mean difference, 0.44 mm; limits of agreement, -2.73-3.62 mm). CONCLUSION: Our study provides in vivo human data on the 3D shape, size, and motion of the MA in healthy subjects. Significant changes in size and motion of the MA were noted in patients with HOCM.
Authors: Robert J Schneider; Douglas P Perrin; Nikolay V Vasilyev; Gerald R Marx; Pedro J del Nido; Robert D Howe Journal: Med Image Anal Date: 2011-12-04 Impact factor: 8.545
Authors: Simon H Sündermann; Sonja Gordic; Robert Manka; Nikola Cesarovic; Volkmar Falk; Francesco Maisano; Hatem Alkadhi Journal: Int J Cardiovasc Imaging Date: 2014-08-15 Impact factor: 2.357
Authors: Philipp Blanke; Danny Dvir; Anson Cheung; Jian Ye; Robert A Levine; Bruce Precious; Adam Berger; Dion Stub; Cameron Hague; Darra Murphy; Christopher Thompson; Brad Munt; Robert Moss; Robert Boone; David Wood; Gregor Pache; John Webb; Jonathon Leipsic Journal: J Cardiovasc Comput Tomogr Date: 2014-10-07
Authors: Sonja Gordic; Thi Dan Linh Nguyen-Kim; Robert Manka; Simon Sündermann; Thomas Frauenfelder; Francesco Maisano; Volkmar Falk; Hatem Alkadhi Journal: Int J Cardiovasc Imaging Date: 2013-12-04 Impact factor: 2.357