Incidence and treatment modalities of tracheobronchial injuries in Germany.

This study presents the first systematic data collection on incidence and therapeutic management of both iatrogenic and non-iatrogenic tracheal lacerations in Germany. In this survey (n=231 questionnaires) based on the geographical coverage of the country, the representation of all levels of service, and the inclusion of specialized thoracic departments as well as non-specialized surgical departments, a representative conspectus on the management of tracheal injuries in Germany was developed. A total number of 1033 tracheal injuries were reported; n=429 of non-iatrogenic origin (blunt trauma: n=276, penetrating wounds: n=94, bullet wounds: n=16, other etiology: n=43) and n=604 of iatrogenic origin (endotracheal intubations/mechanical ventilation: n=372, dilative tracheotomy: n=181, endoscopic interventions: n=51). In institutions of high level of service there was a trend towards higher rates of surgical repair as opposed to conservative management. On the basis of these data the estimated risk of tracheal lacerations, due to single lumen intubation was 1:75,000 (0.000013%); the risk of clinically significant tracheal lacerations due to dilative tracheostomy 1:575 (0.002%) and lacerations requiring surgical treatment 1:975 (0.001%). Data of this survey state that specialized thoracic surgeons to a high proportion are involved in the management of both iatrogenic and non-iatrogenic tracheal injuries.