OBJECTIVES: A synergy between HIV and herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) infections has been reported in observational studies. The objectives of this study were to estimate the per-sex-act female-to-male transmission probabilities (FtoMTPs) of HIV and HSV-2, the effect of each infection on the FtoMTP of the other and the effect of male circumcision on these FtoMTPs. DESIGN: We used longitudinal data collected during the male circumcision trial conducted in Orange Farm (South Africa). METHODS: Results were obtained by specific mathematical modeling of HIV and HSV-2 statuses of the men as functions of their sexual behavior and male circumcision status. The model took into account an estimation of the HIV and HSV-2 statuses of each of their female partners. Confidence intervals (CI) were estimated using a bootstrap resampling method. RESULTS: The HIV and HSV-2 FtoMTPs, during an unprotected sexual contact for an uncircumcised male in the absence of the other virus in both partners, were 0.0047 (95% CI: 0.0014-0.017) and 0.0067 (95% CI: 0.0028-0.014), respectively. HSV-2 in either partner increased HIV FtoMTP with a relative risk (RR) of 3.0 (95% CI: 1.01-7.3). Conversely, HIV in either partner increased HSV-2 FtoMTP (RR= 2.5; 95% CI: 1.1- 6.3). Male circumcision significantly decreased these probabilities with RRs of 0.24 (95% CI: 0.11-0.44) and 0.59 (95% CI: 0.36-0.91), respectively. CONCLUSION: This study gave the first estimates of HSV-2 per-sex-act FtoMTPs in Africa. It demonstrated a synergy between HIV and HSV-2 infections and a protective effect of male circumcision on HSV-2 acquisition by males.
RCT Entities:
OBJECTIVES: A synergy between HIV and herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) infections has been reported in observational studies. The objectives of this study were to estimate the per-sex-act female-to-male transmission probabilities (FtoMTPs) of HIV and HSV-2, the effect of each infection on the FtoMTP of the other and the effect of male circumcision on these FtoMTPs. DESIGN: We used longitudinal data collected during the male circumcision trial conducted in Orange Farm (South Africa). METHODS: Results were obtained by specific mathematical modeling of HIV and HSV-2 statuses of the men as functions of their sexual behavior and male circumcision status. The model took into account an estimation of the HIV and HSV-2 statuses of each of their female partners. Confidence intervals (CI) were estimated using a bootstrap resampling method. RESULTS: The HIV and HSV-2 FtoMTPs, during an unprotected sexual contact for an uncircumcised male in the absence of the other virus in both partners, were 0.0047 (95% CI: 0.0014-0.017) and 0.0067 (95% CI: 0.0028-0.014), respectively. HSV-2 in either partner increased HIV FtoMTP with a relative risk (RR) of 3.0 (95% CI: 1.01-7.3). Conversely, HIV in either partner increased HSV-2 FtoMTP (RR= 2.5; 95% CI: 1.1- 6.3). Male circumcision significantly decreased these probabilities with RRs of 0.24 (95% CI: 0.11-0.44) and 0.59 (95% CI: 0.36-0.91), respectively. CONCLUSION: This study gave the first estimates of HSV-2 per-sex-act FtoMTPs in Africa. It demonstrated a synergy between HIV and HSV-2 infections and a protective effect of male circumcision on HSV-2 acquisition by males.
Authors: A Buvé; M Caraël; R J Hayes; B Auvert; B Ferry; N J Robinson; S Anagonou; L Kanhonou; M Laourou; S Abega; E Akam; L Zekeng; J Chege; M Kahindo; N Rutenberg; F Kaona; R Musonda; T Sukwa; L Morison; H A Weiss; M Laga Journal: AIDS Date: 2001-08 Impact factor: 4.177
Authors: H A Weiss; A Buvé; N J Robinson; E Van Dyck; M Kahindo; S Anagonou; R Musonda; L Zekeng; L Morison; M Caraël; M Laga; R J Hayes Journal: AIDS Date: 2001-08 Impact factor: 4.177
Authors: B Auvert; A Buvé; B Ferry; M Caraël; L Morison; E Lagarde; N J Robinson; M Kahindo; J Chege; N Rutenberg; R Musonda; M Laourou; E Akam Journal: AIDS Date: 2001-08 Impact factor: 4.177
Authors: B Auvert; R Ballard; C Campbell; M Caraël; M Carton; G Fehler; E Gouws; C MacPhail; D Taljaard; J Van Dam; B Williams Journal: AIDS Date: 2001-05-04 Impact factor: 4.177
Authors: A Wald; A G Langenberg; K Link; A E Izu; R Ashley; T Warren; S Tyring; J M Douglas; L Corey Journal: JAMA Date: 2001-06-27 Impact factor: 56.272
Authors: R Kaul; C Pettengell; P M Sheth; S Sunderji; A Biringer; K MacDonald; S Walmsley; A Rebbapragada Journal: J Reprod Immunol Date: 2007-03-28 Impact factor: 4.054
Authors: Lawrence Corey; Anna Wald; Raj Patel; Stephen L Sacks; Stephen K Tyring; Terri Warren; John M Douglas; Jorma Paavonen; R Ashley Morrow; Karl R Beutner; Leonid S Stratchounsky; Gregory Mertz; Oliver N Keene; Helen A Watson; Dereck Tait; Mauricio Vargas-Cortes Journal: N Engl J Med Date: 2004-01-01 Impact factor: 91.245
Authors: Staci L Sudenga; Mirjam-Colette Kempf; Gerald McGwin; Craig M Wilson; Edward W Hook; Sadeep Shrestha Journal: Sex Transm Dis Date: 2012-04 Impact factor: 2.830
Authors: Ruanne V Barnabas; Judith N Wasserheit; Yunda Huang; Holly Janes; Rhoda Morrow; Jonathan Fuchs; Karen E Mark; Martin Casapia; Devan V Mehrotra; Susan P Buchbinder; Lawrence Corey Journal: J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr Date: 2011-07-01 Impact factor: 3.731
Authors: Supriya D Mehta; Stephen Moses; Kawango Agot; Ian Maclean; Elijah Odoyo-June; Hong Li; Robert C Bailey Journal: J Infect Dis Date: 2013-07-30 Impact factor: 5.226
Authors: Anna M Foss; Peter T Vickerman; Philippe Mayaud; Helen A Weiss; B M Ramesh; Sushena Reza-Paul; Reynold Washington; James Blanchard; Stephen Moses; Catherine M Lowndes; Michel Alary; Charlotte H Watts Journal: Sex Transm Infect Date: 2010-11-08 Impact factor: 3.519
Authors: Lance B Price; Cindy M Liu; Kristine E Johnson; Maliha Aziz; Matthew K Lau; Jolene Bowers; Jacques Ravel; Paul S Keim; David Serwadda; Maria J Wawer; Ronald H Gray Journal: PLoS One Date: 2010-01-06 Impact factor: 3.240