OBJECTIVES: To evaluate shared and unique risk factors for maintaining physical and cognitive function into the ninth decade and beyond. DESIGN: Longitudinal cohort study. SETTING: Four U.S. communities. PARTICIPANTS: One thousand six hundred seventy-seven participants in the Cardiovascular Health Study All Stars Study, assessed in 2005/06. Median age was 85 (range 77-102), 66.5% were women, and 16.6% were black. MEASUREMENTS: Intact function was defined as no difficulty with any activities of daily living and a score of 80 or higher on the Modified Mini-Mental State Examination. Baseline characteristics assessed in 1992/93 included demographics, behavioral health factors, chronic disease history, subclinical disease markers, cardiovascular risk factors, and inflammatory markers. Multinomial logistic regression was used to compare risk for physical disability, cognitive impairment,and combined impairments with no functional impairment. RESULTS: Of the 1,677 participants evaluated in both domains, 891 (53%) were functionally intact. Continuous measures of function, including the Digit Symbol Substitution Test and gait speed, showed that all groups, including the most functional, had declined over time. The functional group had less decline but also tended to have higher starting values. Functional individuals had a higher baseline health profile than those with either or cognitive impairment or both impairments combined. Women and individuals with greater weight had higher rates of physical impairment but not cognitive impairment. Risk factors common to both types of impairment included cardiovascular disease and hypertension. CONCLUSION: Intact function was found in only approximately half of these older adults in the ninth decade and beyond. High baseline function and low vascular disease risk characterized functional aging.
OBJECTIVES: To evaluate shared and unique risk factors for maintaining physical and cognitive function into the ninth decade and beyond. DESIGN: Longitudinal cohort study. SETTING: Four U.S. communities. PARTICIPANTS: One thousand six hundred seventy-seven participants in the Cardiovascular Health Study All Stars Study, assessed in 2005/06. Median age was 85 (range 77-102), 66.5% were women, and 16.6% were black. MEASUREMENTS: Intact function was defined as no difficulty with any activities of daily living and a score of 80 or higher on the Modified Mini-Mental State Examination. Baseline characteristics assessed in 1992/93 included demographics, behavioral health factors, chronic disease history, subclinical disease markers, cardiovascular risk factors, and inflammatory markers. Multinomial logistic regression was used to compare risk for physical disability, cognitive impairment,and combined impairments with no functional impairment. RESULTS: Of the 1,677 participants evaluated in both domains, 891 (53%) were functionally intact. Continuous measures of function, including the Digit Symbol Substitution Test and gait speed, showed that all groups, including the most functional, had declined over time. The functional group had less decline but also tended to have higher starting values. Functional individuals had a higher baseline health profile than those with either or cognitive impairment or both impairments combined. Women and individuals with greater weight had higher rates of physical impairment but not cognitive impairment. Risk factors common to both types of impairment included cardiovascular disease and hypertension. CONCLUSION: Intact function was found in only approximately half of these older adults in the ninth decade and beyond. High baseline function and low vascular disease risk characterized functional aging.
Authors: V J Stevens; E Obarzanek; N R Cook; I M Lee; L J Appel; D Smith West; N C Milas; M Mattfeldt-Beman; L Belden; C Bragg; M Millstone; J Raczynski; A Brewer; B Singh; J Cohen Journal: Ann Intern Med Date: 2001-01-02 Impact factor: 25.391
Authors: A Michael Lincoff; Neal S Kleiman; Dean J Kereiakes; Frederick Feit; John A Bittl; J Daniel Jackman; Ian J Sarembock; David J Cohen; Douglas Spriggs; Ramin Ebrahimi; Gadi Keren; Jeffrey Carr; Eric A Cohen; Amadeo Betriu; Walter Desmet; Wolfgang Rutsch; Robert G Wilcox; Pim J de Feyter; Alec Vahanian; Eric J Topol Journal: JAMA Date: 2004-08-11 Impact factor: 56.272
Authors: Anne B Newman; Alice M Arnold; Barbara L Naydeck; Linda P Fried; Gregory L Burke; Paul Enright; John Gottdiener; Calvin Hirsch; Daniel O'Leary; Russell Tracy Journal: Arch Intern Med Date: 2003-10-27
Authors: Shani Shastri; Hocine Tighiouart; Ronit Katz; Dena E Rifkin; Linda F Fried; Michael G Shlipak; Anne B Newman; Mark J Sarnak Journal: Clin J Am Soc Nephrol Date: 2011-04-21 Impact factor: 8.237
Authors: Anne B Newman; Jason L Sanders; Jorge R Kizer; Robert M Boudreau; Michelle C Odden; Adina Zeki Al Hazzouri; Alice M Arnold Journal: Int J Epidemiol Date: 2016-06-06 Impact factor: 7.196
Authors: Aron S Buchman; Patricia A Boyle; Sue E Leurgans; Lisa L Barnes; David A Bennett Journal: Am J Geriatr Psychiatry Date: 2011-06 Impact factor: 4.105
Authors: Christina L Bell; Randi Chen; Kamal Masaki; Priscilla Yee; Qimei He; John Grove; Timothy Donlon; J David Curb; D Craig Willcox; Leonard W Poon; Bradley J Willcox Journal: J Am Geriatr Soc Date: 2014-04-29 Impact factor: 5.562
Authors: Eileen Rillamas-Sun; Andrea Z LaCroix; Molly E Waring; Candyce H Kroenke; Michael J LaMonte; Mara Z Vitolins; Rebecca Seguin; Christina L Bell; Margery Gass; Todd M Manini; Kamal H Masaki; Robert B Wallace Journal: JAMA Intern Med Date: 2014-01 Impact factor: 21.873