Skin cancer education in transplant recipients.

In the past 20 years, long-term survival for solid-organ transplant recipients has improved dramatically; about 223,000 patients are alive in the United States with organ transplants today. As survival rates improve, however, the morbidity and mortality associated with lifelong immunosuppressive therapy is increasing in significance. Skin cancer is common among recipients of all major organ transplants, including the kidney, liver, heart, lung, and pancreas. Although skin cancer is the most common cancer in transplant recipients, many cases can be prevented by sun protection, skin self-examinations, and physician examinations. Because transplant recipients visit the transplant clinic frequently, clinicians have ample opportunities to teach patients about the importance of prevention and detection of skin cancer. At a routine visit, the clinician should inquire about sun protection practices, especially for tanned, light-skinned, or freckled patients or patients who are planning a warm-weather vacation or time in the sun during the summer. Skin cancer education should be integrated into the care of transplant patients as part of their numerous visits to the transplant clinic. Although some transplant recipients may resist adopting new behaviors at first, use of the ample clinic opportunities for patient education can dramatically reduce their risk of skin cancer.