Evaluation and management of stroke in the neonate.

Ischemic perinatal stroke (IPS) occurs in 1 of 2300 to 5000 live births. It is an under-recognized cause of significant long-term disabilities, including hemiplegic cerebral palsy, epilepsy, cognitive delays, and behavioral impairments. The pathophysiology is complex and multifactorial, involving maternal, fetal, placental, and neonatal factors. Knowledge and interventions are emerging to facilitate early diagnosis and treatment of IPS. Early treatment may translate into improved long-term neurodevelopmental outcomes.