| Literature DB >> 19161227 |
Mohamad Azhar1, Raymond B Runyan, Connie Gard, L Philip Sanford, Marian L Miller, Anastasia Andringa, Sharon Pawlowski, Sudarsan Rajan, Thomas Doetschman.
Abstract
The ligand specificity of transforming growth factor beta (TGFbeta) in vivo in mouse cardiac cushion epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is poorly understood. To elucidate the function of TGFbeta in cushion EMT, we analyzed Tgfb1(-/-), Tgfb2(-/-), and Tgfb3(-/-) mice between embryonic day (E) 9.5 and E14.5 using both in vitro and in vivo approaches. Atrioventricular (AV) canal collagen gel assays at E9.5 indicated normal EMT in both Tgfb1(-/-) and Tgfb3(-/-) mice. However, analysis of Tgfb2(-/-) AV explants at E9.5 and E10.5 indicated that EMT, but not cushion cell proliferation, was initially delayed but later remained persistent. This was concordant with the observation that Tgfb2(-/-) embryos, and not Tgfb1(-/-) or Tgfb3(-/-) embryos, develop enlarged cushions at E14.5 with elevated levels of well-validated indicators of EMT. Collectively, these data indicate that TGFbeta2, and not TGFbeta1 or TGFbeta3, mediates cardiac cushion EMT by promoting both the initiation and cessation of EMT.Entities:
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Year: 2009 PMID： 19161227 PMCID： PMC2805850 DOI： 10.1002/dvdy.21854
Source DB: PubMed Journal: Dev Dyn ISSN： 1058-8388 Impact factor: 3.780