Talc-induced interstitial pneumonitis with respiratory failure.

Talc is the most frequently used chemical agent to induce pleurodesis and complications after this procedure, usually benign and self-limiting, are resolved easily. Pneumonitis with acute respiratory distress after talc pleurodesis is a rare complication, it requires intensive treatment and may be fatal. We describe a patient who developed pneumonitis with bilateral interstitial infiltrates and respiratory distress after talc pleurodesis. This complication required the transfer of the patient into the intensive care unit and an aggressive treatment management. After an uneventful talc pleurodesis, close surveillance of the patient and a high index of suspicion are mandatory.