Tanvi Bhatt1, Yi-Chung Pai. 1. Department of Physical Therapy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To examine the effects of session intensity (number of slip exposures) and frequency on the retention of acquired adaptation for prevention of backward balance loss after repeated-slip training. DESIGN: A 4-group, randomized, and controlled study. SETTING: Biomechanics research laboratory. PARTICIPANTS: Healthy young subjects (N=46; 21 men). INTERVENTIONS:Twenty-four subjects experienced a high-intensity session of 24 repeated right-side slips; 12 receivedadditional single-slip sessions at a frequency of 1 week, 2 weeks, and 1 month, whereas the rest got no ancillary training. Another 24 subjects received a low-intensity initial session of a single slip; 12 received the same high-frequency ancillary training, whereas the rest got none. All groups were retested with a single slip 4 months after the first session. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The incidence of backward balance loss, gait stability, and limb support. RESULTS: The high-intensity groups, irrespective of ancillary training, displayed similar improvements in all 3 outcome measures. Remarkably, the low-intensity group receiving ancillary training also significantly improved in all measures, with retention comparable to that observed in the other 2 groups. A single-slip exposure without ancillary sessions was insufficient to yield a longer-term effect. CONCLUSIONS: Frequent ancillary sessions may be unnecessary for slip-related fall prevention up to 4 months if the initial session intensity is sufficient. Furthermore, the minimum of a single slip may be as effective if the subject is exposed to frequent ancillary sessions.
RCT Entities:
OBJECTIVE: To examine the effects of session intensity (number of slip exposures) and frequency on the retention of acquired adaptation for prevention of backward balance loss after repeated-slip training. DESIGN: A 4-group, randomized, and controlled study. SETTING: Biomechanics research laboratory. PARTICIPANTS: Healthy young subjects (N=46; 21 men). INTERVENTIONS: Twenty-four subjects experienced a high-intensity session of 24 repeated right-side slips; 12 received additional single-slip sessions at a frequency of 1 week, 2 weeks, and 1 month, whereas the rest got no ancillary training. Another 24 subjects received a low-intensity initial session of a single slip; 12 received the same high-frequency ancillary training, whereas the rest got none. All groups were retested with a single slip 4 months after the first session. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The incidence of backward balance loss, gait stability, and limb support. RESULTS: The high-intensity groups, irrespective of ancillary training, displayed similar improvements in all 3 outcome measures. Remarkably, the low-intensity group receiving ancillary training also significantly improved in all measures, with retention comparable to that observed in the other 2 groups. A single-slip exposure without ancillary sessions was insufficient to yield a longer-term effect. CONCLUSIONS: Frequent ancillary sessions may be unnecessary for slip-related fall prevention up to 4 months if the initial session intensity is sufficient. Furthermore, the minimum of a single slip may be as effective if the subject is exposed to frequent ancillary sessions.
Authors: J M Guralnik; L Ferrucci; C F Pieper; S G Leveille; K S Markides; G V Ostir; S Studenski; L F Berkman; R B Wallace Journal: J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci Date: 2000-04 Impact factor: 6.053
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