Plasma visfatin concentrations in childhood obesity: relationships with insulin resistance and anthropometric indices.

BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to investigate the relationships between plasma visfatin, insulin resistance, lipid profile and anthropometric measurements in obese children. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Plasma levels of visfatin, insulin, glucose, lipid profile and anthropometric indices were determined in 30 obese children and compared with those in 30 age- and gender-matched non-obese children. Visfatin was measured with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and logarithmically transformed to log visfatin for parametric comparisons.
RESULTS: The obese group had significantly elevated plasma visfatin, fasting glucose and insulin and homeostasis model assessment (HOMA) values, as well as elevated lipid concentrations, compared with non-obese children. In the obese group log visfatin correlated positively with weight (p = 0.007), waist circumference (p = 0.007), hip circumference (p = 0.034), BMI (p = 0.005), insulin (p = 0.041) and HOMA (p = 0.044). No correlation was found between visfatin and lipid profile in obese children (p >0.05). Linear regression analysis revealed significant positive relationships between log visfatin and BMI (p = 0.005), insulin and BMI (p <0.001), and between HOMA and BMI (p <0.001) in the obese group but not in the control group. Multivariate regression analysis with log visfatin as a dependent variable showed that only BMI (p = 0.005) and bodyweight (p = 0.014) correlated positively with log visfatin in obese children.
CONCLUSIONS: An increased visfatin concentration may be associated with BMI and insulin resistance in obese children. Although these findings may lay a foundation for further hypotheses, the limited sample size in the present study means that longitudinal studies with more patients are needed.