CONTEXT: Anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL) is usually diagnosed by histologic and immunohistochemical analysis. However, fine-needle aspiration is becoming a popular alternative to lymph node biopsy, and flow-cytometric immunophenotyping is often used to analyze fine-needle aspiration specimens. OBJECTIVE: To review our experience using flow-cytometric immunophenotyping to assess cases of ALCL and to evaluate the diagnostic utility of this technique. DESIGN: Each case of ALCL was assessed by flow cytometry with 3-color or 4-color antibody panels, and data were reanalyzed by cluster analysis using Paint-a-Gate for cases with retrievable flow cytometry data files. Anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) was assessed by using immunohistochemistry. RESULTS: Twenty-three ALCL cases were analyzed by flow cytometry. In 4 cases, neoplastic cells could not be identified. In the remaining 19 cases (11 ALK(+), 8 ALK(-)), all were positive for CD30 and CD45. Anaplastic large cell lymphoma cells were large and usually CD45 bright, with many or most cells falling in the region of monocytes on the CD45/side scatter plot. The frequencies of T-cell antigen expression in ALK(+) cases were CD2, 67%; CD7, 60%; CD3, 45%; CD4, 33%; CD5, 14%; and CD8, 14%. In ALK(-) cases, the frequencies of the T-cell antigen expression were CD2, 100%; CD3, 50%; CD4, 40%; CD7, 40%; CD5, 25%; and CD8, 20%. CONCLUSIONS: Flow cytometry can be used to immunophenotype ALCL cases. Neoplastic cells may be few, and they may fall outside of the lymphocyte gate. Cluster analysis using software like Paint-A-Gate is often helpful because it allows for flexible, sequential gating strategies to identify and characterize the neoplastic cells.
CONTEXT: Anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL) is usually diagnosed by histologic and immunohistochemical analysis. However, fine-needle aspiration is becoming a popular alternative to lymph node biopsy, and flow-cytometric immunophenotyping is often used to analyze fine-needle aspiration specimens. OBJECTIVE: To review our experience using flow-cytometric immunophenotyping to assess cases of ALCL and to evaluate the diagnostic utility of this technique. DESIGN: Each case of ALCL was assessed by flow cytometry with 3-color or 4-color antibody panels, and data were reanalyzed by cluster analysis using Paint-a-Gate for cases with retrievable flow cytometry data files. Anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) was assessed by using immunohistochemistry. RESULTS: Twenty-three ALCL cases were analyzed by flow cytometry. In 4 cases, neoplastic cells could not be identified. In the remaining 19 cases (11 ALK(+), 8 ALK(-)), all were positive for CD30 and CD45. Anaplastic large cell lymphoma cells were large and usually CD45 bright, with many or most cells falling in the region of monocytes on the CD45/side scatter plot. The frequencies of T-cell antigen expression in ALK(+) cases were CD2, 67%; CD7, 60%; CD3, 45%; CD4, 33%; CD5, 14%; and CD8, 14%. In ALK(-) cases, the frequencies of the T-cell antigen expression were CD2, 100%; CD3, 50%; CD4, 40%; CD7, 40%; CD5, 25%; and CD8, 20%. CONCLUSIONS: Flow cytometry can be used to immunophenotype ALCL cases. Neoplastic cells may be few, and they may fall outside of the lymphocyte gate. Cluster analysis using software like Paint-A-Gate is often helpful because it allows for flexible, sequential gating strategies to identify and characterize the neoplastic cells.
Authors: Maria Clara Canellas; Enrico Bruno-Riscarolli; Cristiane S Ferreira-Facio; Daiana V Lopes-Alves; Vitor D Botafogo; Deborah Sutter; Roberia M Pontes; Marcelo G P Land; Cristiane Bedran Milito; Elaine Sobral da Costa Journal: Cancer Rep (Hoboken) Date: 2021-08-11
Authors: Cristiane S Ferreira-Facio; Cristiane Milito; Vitor Botafogo; Marcela Fontana; Leandro S Thiago; Elen Oliveira; Ariovaldo S da Rocha-Filho; Fernando Werneck; Danielle N Forny; Samuel Dekermacher; Ana Paula de Azambuja; Sima Esther Ferman; Paulo Antônio Silvestre de Faria; Marcelo G P Land; Alberto Orfao; Elaine S Costa Journal: PLoS One Date: 2013-03-05 Impact factor: 3.240
Authors: Lianqun Qiu; L Jeffrey Medeiros; Guilin Tang; Mahsa Khanlari; Shaoying Li; Sergej Konoplev; Sa A Wang; C Cameron Yin; Joseph D Khoury; Wei Wang; Roberto N Miranda; Swaminathan Iyer; M James You; Jie Xu Journal: Cancers (Basel) Date: 2021-12-16 Impact factor: 6.639