Qi-Fang Li1, Ye-Sen Zhu, Hong Jiang, Hui Xu, Yu Sun. 1. Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital Affiliated with Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
Abstract
AIM: The aim of this study was to investigate the anti-inflammatory action of isoflurane preconditioning in a model of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammation in RAW 264.7 macrophages and examine the role of heme oxygenase (HO)-1 in this process. METHODS: Murine 264.7 macrophages were pretreated with or without 1%-3% isoflurane for 1 h. Thirty minutes later, the cells were incubated with or without LPS for 24 h. Cell viability was assessed using a 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay and cell injury was assessed by measuring the release of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH). HO-1 and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) protein expression was analyzed by Western blotting. Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha levels, nitrite production and HO activity were also determined. RESULTS: Pretreatment with the nontoxic and clinically approved anesthetic isoflurane potently attenuated the cell injury and the decrease in cell viability that was induced by LPS. Treatment or pretreatment with 2% isoflurane induced HO-1 protein expression and caused an induction of HO activity. This result correlated with a decrease in iNOS expression, a decrease in the production of nitric oxide (NO) and impaired release of TNF-alpha in LPS-stimulated macrophages. Blockade of HO activity with tin protoporphyrin (SnPP) reversed these effects. CONCLUSION: Isoflurane preconditioning exerts its anti-inflammatory activity through the HO-1 pathway in an in vitro inflammation model.
AIM: The aim of this study was to investigate the anti-inflammatory action of isoflurane preconditioning in a model of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammation in RAW 264.7 macrophages and examine the role of heme oxygenase (HO)-1 in this process. METHODS:Murine 264.7 macrophages were pretreated with or without 1%-3% isoflurane for 1 h. Thirty minutes later, the cells were incubated with or without LPS for 24 h. Cell viability was assessed using a 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay and cell injury was assessed by measuring the release of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH). HO-1 and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) protein expression was analyzed by Western blotting. Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha levels, nitrite production and HO activity were also determined. RESULTS: Pretreatment with the nontoxic and clinically approved anesthetic isoflurane potently attenuated the cell injury and the decrease in cell viability that was induced by LPS. Treatment or pretreatment with 2% isoflurane induced HO-1 protein expression and caused an induction of HO activity. This result correlated with a decrease in iNOS expression, a decrease in the production of nitric oxide (NO) and impaired release of TNF-alpha in LPS-stimulated macrophages. Blockade of HO activity with tin protoporphyrin (SnPP) reversed these effects. CONCLUSION:Isoflurane preconditioning exerts its anti-inflammatory activity through the HO-1 pathway in an in vitro inflammation model.
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