OBJECTIVE: To compare the chondrogenic potential of adult equine mesenchymal stem cells derived from bone marrow (MSCs) or adipose tissue (ASCs). STUDY DESIGN: In vitro experimental study. ANIMALS: Adult Thoroughbred horses (n=11). METHODS: BM (5 horses; mean [+/-SD] age, 4+/-1.4 years) or adipose tissue (6 horses; mean age, 3.5+/-1.1 years) samples were obtained. Cryopreserved MSCs and ASCs were used for pellet cultures in stromal medium (C) or induced into chondrogenesis+/-transforming growth factor-3 (TGFbeta(3)) and bone morphogenic factor-6 (BMP-6). Pellets harvested after 3, 7, 14, and 21 days were examined for cross-sectional size and tissue composition (hematoxylin and eosin), glycosaminoglycan (GAG) staining (Alcian blue), collagen type II immunohistochemistry, and by transmission electron microscopy. Pellet GAG and total DNA content were measured using dimethylmethylene blue and Hoechst DNA assays. RESULTS: Collagen type II synthesis was predominantly observed in MSC pellets from Day 7 onward. Unlike ASC cultures, MSC pellets had hyaline-like matrix by Day 14. GAG deposition occurred earlier in MSC cultures compared with ASC cultures and growth factors enhanced both MSC GAG concentrations (P<.0001) and MSC pellet size (P<.004) after 2 weeks in culture. CONCLUSION: Equine MSCs have superior chondrogenic potential compared with ASCs and the equine ASC growth factor response suggests possible differences compared with other species. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Elucidation of equine ASC and MSC receptor profiles will enhance the use of these cells in regenerative cartilage repair.
OBJECTIVE: To compare the chondrogenic potential of adult equine mesenchymal stem cells derived from bone marrow (MSCs) or adipose tissue (ASCs). STUDY DESIGN: In vitro experimental study. ANIMALS: Adult Thoroughbred horses (n=11). METHODS: BM (5 horses; mean [+/-SD] age, 4+/-1.4 years) or adipose tissue (6 horses; mean age, 3.5+/-1.1 years) samples were obtained. Cryopreserved MSCs and ASCs were used for pellet cultures in stromal medium (C) or induced into chondrogenesis+/-transforming growth factor-3 (TGFbeta(3)) and bone morphogenic factor-6 (BMP-6). Pellets harvested after 3, 7, 14, and 21 days were examined for cross-sectional size and tissue composition (hematoxylin and eosin), glycosaminoglycan (GAG) staining (Alcian blue), collagen type II immunohistochemistry, and by transmission electron microscopy. Pellet GAG and total DNA content were measured using dimethylmethylene blue and Hoechst DNA assays. RESULTS: Collagen type II synthesis was predominantly observed in MSC pellets from Day 7 onward. Unlike ASC cultures, MSC pellets had hyaline-like matrix by Day 14. GAG deposition occurred earlier in MSC cultures compared with ASC cultures and growth factors enhanced both MSCGAG concentrations (P<.0001) and MSC pellet size (P<.004) after 2 weeks in culture. CONCLUSION:Equine MSCs have superior chondrogenic potential compared with ASCs and the equineASC growth factor response suggests possible differences compared with other species. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Elucidation of equineASC and MSC receptor profiles will enhance the use of these cells in regenerative cartilage repair.
Authors: Brian C Goh; Sreedhar Thirumala; Gail Kilroy; Ram V Devireddy; Jeffrey M Gimble Journal: J Tissue Eng Regen Med Date: 2007 Jul-Aug Impact factor: 3.963
Authors: John D Kisiday; Paul W Kopesky; Christopher H Evans; Alan J Grodzinsky; C Wayne McIlwraith; David D Frisbie Journal: J Orthop Res Date: 2008-03 Impact factor: 3.494
Authors: Martin A Vidal; Gail E Kilroy; Jill R Johnson; Mandi J Lopez; Rustin M Moore; Jeffrey M Gimble Journal: Vet Surg Date: 2006-10 Impact factor: 1.495
Authors: Martin A Vidal; Gail E Kilroy; Mandi J Lopez; Jill R Johnson; Rustin M Moore; Jeffrey M Gimble Journal: Vet Surg Date: 2007-10 Impact factor: 1.495
Authors: Stefan J Arnhold; Iris Goletz; Helmut Klein; Gerald Stumpf; Lisa A Beluche; Carsten Rohde; Klaus Addicks; Lutz F Litzke Journal: Am J Vet Res Date: 2007-10 Impact factor: 1.156
Authors: O Raabe; C Reich; S Wenisch; A Hild; M Burg-Roderfeld; H-C Siebert; S Arnhold Journal: Histochem Cell Biol Date: 2010-11-14 Impact factor: 4.304
Authors: Ruurd Torensma; Henk-Jan Prins; Ellen Schrama; Eugène T P Verwiel; Anton C M Martens; Helene Roelofs; Bastiaan J H Jansen Journal: Stem Cells Dev Date: 2012-12-21 Impact factor: 3.272
Authors: Holly E Weiss-Bilka; Megan E McGann; Matthew J Meagher; Ryan K Roeder; Diane R Wagner Journal: J Tissue Eng Regen Med Date: 2017-04-09 Impact factor: 3.963