Christina Braun1, Cynthia M Trim, Randy B Eggleston. 1. Department of Large Animal Medicine and Surgery, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602-5023, USA. cbraun@uga.edu
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the impact of a change in body position on blood gases and arterial blood pressures in foals anesthetized with guaifenesin, ketamine, and xylazine. STUDY DESIGN: Prospective, randomized experimental study. ANIMALS: Twelve Quarter Horse foals, age of 5.4 +/-0.9 months and weighing 222 +/- 48 kg. METHODS: Foals were anesthetized with guaifenesin, ketamine, and xylazine for 40 minutes in lateral recumbency and then assigned to a change in lateral recumbency after hoisting (Group 1, n = 6), or no change (Group 2, n = 6). Oxygen 15 L minute(-1) was insufflated into the endotracheal tube throughout anesthesia. Arterial blood pressure, heart rate, respiratory rate (f(R)), inspired fraction of oxygen (FIO(2)), and end-tidal carbon dioxide (PE'CO(2)) were measured every 5 minutes. Arterial pH and blood gases [arterial partial pressure of oxygen (PaO(2)), arterial partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PaCO(2))] were measured at 10, 30, and 40 minutes after induction, and 5 minutes after hoisting. Alveolar dead space ventilation and PaO(2)/FIO(2) were calculated. Two repeated measures models were used. All hypothesis tests were two-sided and significance level was alpha = 0.05. All values are presented as least square means +/- SE. RESULTS: Values at time-matched points from the two groups were not significantly different so they were combined. Arterial partial pressure of oxygen decreased significantly from 149 +/- 14.4 mmHg before hoisting to 92 +/- 11.6 mmHg after hoisting (p = 0.0013). The PaO(2)/FIO(2) ratio decreased from 275 +/- 30 to 175 +/- 24 (p = 0.0055). End-tidal carbon dioxide decreased significantly from 48.7 +/- 1.6 to 44.5 +/- 1.2 mmHg (p = 0.021). Arterial partial pressure of carbon dioxide, blood pressures and heart rates measured 5 minutes after hoisting were not different from measurements obtained before hoisting. CONCLUSION AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Hoisting decreased PaO(2) in anesthetized healthy foals. Administration of supplemental oxygen is recommended to counter the decrease in oxygenation and PaO(2) measurement is necessary to detect early changes.
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the impact of a change in body position on blood gases and arterial blood pressures in foals anesthetized with guaifenesin, ketamine, and xylazine. STUDY DESIGN: Prospective, randomized experimental study. ANIMALS: Twelve Quarter Horse foals, age of 5.4 +/-0.9 months and weighing 222 +/- 48 kg. METHODS: Foals were anesthetized with guaifenesin, ketamine, and xylazine for 40 minutes in lateral recumbency and then assigned to a change in lateral recumbency after hoisting (Group 1, n = 6), or no change (Group 2, n = 6). Oxygen 15 L minute(-1) was insufflated into the endotracheal tube throughout anesthesia. Arterial blood pressure, heart rate, respiratory rate (f(R)), inspired fraction of oxygen (FIO(2)), and end-tidal carbon dioxide (PE'CO(2)) were measured every 5 minutes. Arterial pH and blood gases [arterial partial pressure of oxygen (PaO(2)), arterial partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PaCO(2))] were measured at 10, 30, and 40 minutes after induction, and 5 minutes after hoisting. Alveolar dead space ventilation and PaO(2)/FIO(2) were calculated. Two repeated measures models were used. All hypothesis tests were two-sided and significance level was alpha = 0.05. All values are presented as least square means +/- SE. RESULTS: Values at time-matched points from the two groups were not significantly different so they were combined. Arterial partial pressure of oxygen decreased significantly from 149 +/- 14.4 mmHg before hoisting to 92 +/- 11.6 mmHg after hoisting (p = 0.0013). The PaO(2)/FIO(2) ratio decreased from 275 +/- 30 to 175 +/- 24 (p = 0.0055). End-tidal carbon dioxide decreased significantly from 48.7 +/- 1.6 to 44.5 +/- 1.2 mmHg (p = 0.021). Arterial partial pressure of carbon dioxide, blood pressures and heart rates measured 5 minutes after hoisting were not different from measurements obtained before hoisting. CONCLUSION AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Hoisting decreased PaO(2) in anesthetized healthy foals. Administration of supplemental oxygen is recommended to counter the decrease in oxygenation and PaO(2) measurement is necessary to detect early changes.
Authors: Sirirat Niyom; Khursheed R Mama; Melissa King; Erin Contino; Dora Ferris; Alex Valdes-Martinez; David D Frisbie; Wayne McIlwraith; James Zumbrunnen Journal: J Vet Med Sci Date: 2018-09-03 Impact factor: 1.267
Authors: Pedro I Nóbrega Neto; Stelio P L Luna; Patricia Queiroz-Williams; Khursheed R Mama; Eugene P Steffey; Adriano B Carregaro Journal: BMC Vet Res Date: 2013-10-09 Impact factor: 2.741