Salivary cortisol levels in Brazilian citizens of distinct socioeconomic and cultural levels.

We have analyzed the perceived stress index, the basal salivary cortisol levels, and the awakening cortisol response (ACR) in 86 volunteers of low (LSES) and high socioeconomic status (HSES). The LSES presented higher perceived stress index and basal salivary cortisol levels, nonaltered ACR, or cortisol diurnal rhythm. We have concluded that the LSES is associated with high perceived stress index and salivary cortisol levels, which could impact negatively in health, and that it is related to the daily life stress experienced by individuals in the LSES group. Because the LSES corresponds to about 30% of the total Brazilian population, this conclusion might have a great impact on public health policies and costs.