Importance of the cytochrome P450 monooxygenase CYP52 family for the sophorolipid-producing yeast Candida bombicola.

Three cytochrome P450 monooxygenases belonging to the CYP52 family were isolated from the genome of the sophorolipid-producing yeast Candida bombicola using degenerate PCR and genomic walking. One gene displayed high identity with the CYP52E members and was classified into this group (CYP52E3), whereas the other genes belonged to new groups: CYP52M and CYP52N. CYP52E3 and CYP52N1 turned out to be of no relevance for sophorolipid production, but show clear upregulation when the yeast cells are grown on alkanes as the sole carbon source. On the other hand, CYP52M1 is clearly upregulated during sophorolipid synthesis and very likely takes part in sophorolipid formation.