BACKGROUND: As with other facial wrinkles, the gradual loss and disorganization of collagen fibers and elastin, connective tissues that provide underlying support for skin, cause horizontal forehead rhytides in large part. OBJECTIVES: To develop the Forehead Lines Grading Scale for objective quantification of horizontal forehead rhytides at rest and with expression and to establish the reliability of this photonumeric scale for clinical research and practice. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The Forehead Lines Grading Scale is a 5-point photonumeric rating scale that was developed to objectively quantify resting (static) and hyperkinetic (dynamic) forehead lines. Inter- and intrarater variability was assessed by computing intraclass correlation coefficients. RESULTS: The agreement between the experts was highly significant. Bubble plots (bivariate scatter plots) demonstrated linearity in judgment by the experts. CONCLUSION: The 5-point photonumeric scale generated spans the severity of forehead lines for which patients commonly seek correction. The scale is well stratified for consistent rating.
BACKGROUND: As with other facial wrinkles, the gradual loss and disorganization of collagen fibers and elastin, connective tissues that provide underlying support for skin, cause horizontal forehead rhytides in large part. OBJECTIVES: To develop the Forehead Lines Grading Scale for objective quantification of horizontal forehead rhytides at rest and with expression and to establish the reliability of this photonumeric scale for clinical research and practice. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The Forehead Lines Grading Scale is a 5-point photonumeric rating scale that was developed to objectively quantify resting (static) and hyperkinetic (dynamic) forehead lines. Inter- and intrarater variability was assessed by computing intraclass correlation coefficients. RESULTS: The agreement between the experts was highly significant. Bubble plots (bivariate scatter plots) demonstrated linearity in judgment by the experts. CONCLUSION: The 5-point photonumeric scale generated spans the severity of forehead lines for which patients commonly seek correction. The scale is well stratified for consistent rating.
Authors: Greg J Goodman; Michael B Halstead; John D Rogers; Daniela Borzillo; Elizabeth Ryan; Nick Riley; John Wlodarczyk Journal: Clin Cosmet Investig Dermatol Date: 2012-01-18
Authors: Fernando Urdiales-Gálvez; Nuria Escoda Delgado; Vitor Figueiredo; José V Lajo-Plaza; Mar Mira; Francisco Ortíz-Martí; Rosa Del Rio-Reyes; Nazaret Romero-Álvarez; Sofía Ruiz Del Cueto; María A Segurado; Cristina Villanueva Rebenaque Journal: Aesthetic Plast Surg Date: 2017-04-14 Impact factor: 2.326
Authors: Cristina Pires Camargo; Jun Xia; Caroline S Costa; Rolf Gemperli; Maria Dc Tatini; Max K Bulsara; Rachel Riera Journal: Cochrane Database Syst Rev Date: 2021-07-05
Authors: Andreas Nikolis; Steven Bernstein; Brian Kinney; Nicolo Scuderi; Shipra Rastogi; John S Sampalis Journal: Clin Cosmet Investig Dermatol Date: 2016-05-13
Authors: Jean Carruthers; Lisa Donofrio; Bhushan Hardas; Diane K Murphy; Derek Jones; Alastair Carruthers; Jonathan M Sykes; Lela Creutz; Ann Marx; Sara Dill Journal: Dermatol Surg Date: 2016-10 Impact factor: 3.398
Authors: Alastair Carruthers; Lisa Donofrio; Bhushan Hardas; Diane K Murphy; Jean Carruthers; Jonathan M Sykes; Derek Jones; Lela Creutz; Ann Marx; Sara Dill Journal: Dermatol Surg Date: 2016-10 Impact factor: 3.398