Wolfgang Schramm1. 1. Division of General Anesthesia and Intensive Care, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20/9 i, 1090, Vienna, Austria. wolfgang.schramm@meduniwien.ac.at
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: By means of a Swan-Ganz catheter cardiac output is calculated using the Stewart-Hamilton thermodilution equation. Assuming the body as a thermally isolated inert system, this equation theoretically always results in zero cardiac output. METHODS: Using the first and second law of thermodynamics together with a few lines simple analysis this statement is proven. CONCLUSION: It is at least a necessary condition for the application of the Stewart-Hamilton equation, that core body temperature is kept constant in a thermo- regulatory steady state.
OBJECTIVE: By means of a Swan-Ganz catheter cardiac output is calculated using the Stewart-Hamilton thermodilution equation. Assuming the body as a thermally isolated inert system, this equation theoretically always results in zero cardiac output. METHODS: Using the first and second law of thermodynamics together with a few lines simple analysis this statement is proven. CONCLUSION: It is at least a necessary condition for the application of the Stewart-Hamilton equation, that core body temperature is kept constant in a thermo- regulatory steady state.
Authors: James Dean Sandham; Russell Douglas Hull; Rollin Frederick Brant; Linda Knox; Graham Frederick Pineo; Christopher J Doig; Denny P Laporta; Sidney Viner; Louise Passerini; Hugh Devitt; Ann Kirby; Michael Jacka Journal: N Engl J Med Date: 2003-01-02 Impact factor: 91.245
Authors: Guilielmus H J M Ellenbroek; Gerardus P J van Hout; Leo Timmers; Pieter A Doevendans; Gerard Pasterkamp; Imo E Hoefer Journal: J Vis Exp Date: 2016-10-14 Impact factor: 1.355