[Myogenic stem cells--the new material for periurethral injections in the treatment of urinary incontinence].

Urinary incontinence is currently considered to be not only medical, but also socio-economical problem. Periurethral injections are one of the treatment method, although substances used so far have been not effective enough. For last several years surveys are conducted for using myogenic cells as a new material for periurethral injections. It has been proven that undifferentiated muscle cells can be isolated in the amount sufficient for transplantation from small piece of skeletal muscle tissue. Myogenic cells survive and differentiate into muscle fibers when transplanted in the urethral sphincter. Indirect evidences suggest that injected cells can become innervated. Functional studies revealed that cellular transfer improve sphincter contractility and increase leak point pressure. In first clinical study in human medicine, where the effect was evaluated one year after surgery, 79% of patients was judged as cured. Apart from cells derived from muscle, also bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells and cells seeded on biological scaffolds are considered for using in treatment of urinary incontinence.