Activation by cromakalim of pre- and post-synaptic ATP-sensitive K+ channels in substantia nigra.

Membrane potentials and synaptic potentials were recorded using the patch clamp technique from neurons isolated from the substantia nigra. Intracellular perfusion of dopaminergic neurons with an ATP-free solution caused hyperpolarization and inhibition of firing. Intracellular perfusion with a solution containing 2 mM ATP prevented this hyperpolarization, but application of the K+ channel openers cromakalim and pinacidil caused a similar hyperpolarization as well as the disappearance of bicuculline-sensitive synaptic potentials. All these effects were reversed by sulfonylureas, indicating that they are mediated by ATP-sensitive K+ channels. It is concluded that K+ channel openers activate ATP-sensitive K+ channels both presynaptically on GABAergic terminals and postsynaptically on substantia nigra dopaminergic neurons.