Intracellular pH in individual pituitary cells: measurement with a dual emission pH indicator.

Intracellular pH (pHi) can now be measured at the single cell level using dual emission wavelength microspectrofluorimetry with the fluorescent pH indicator SNARF 1 and its membrane permeant acetoxymethyl ester (SNARF 1/AM). We measured pHi of individual pituitary cells under both basal and stimulated conditions. The emitted fluorescence of SNARF 1 probe was calibrated following experimental manipulations of pHi in two types of rat pituitary cells. The calibration curves obtained in the two cell types were identical. We observed a Gaussian distribution of individual pHi with a wide dispersion (6.95 to 8) in the two cell populations. TRH (10(-7) M) and ionomycin (5 microM) induced a transient acidification followed by a sustained alkalinization, whereas K+ (50 mM) depolarization only exerted a transient acidification. These results show that the dual emission pH indicator SNARF 1 can be used to reliably investigate changes in pHi in individual endocrine cells.