The use of glass electrodes for the determination of formation constants--I: A definitive method for calibration.

The computer program, MAGEC (Multiple Analysis of titration data for Glass Electrode Calibration), described can optimize simultaneously any or all of the titration parameters pertinent to the calibration of glass electrodes. In particular, the protonation constants of a ligand and the glass-electrode parameters may be determined simultaneously from a given single set of titration data. A method is described for obtaining definitive values of these parameters, involving cyclical treatment of titration data by means of MAGEC and another program such as MINIQUAD. The use of MAGEC for evaluating the performance of a glass electrode or as an analytical tool for determining, with high precision, the concentrations of acid and base solutions, is also described.