OBJECTIVE: To assess the impact of the newborn health component of a large-scale community-based integrated nutrition and health programme. METHODS: Using a quasi-experimental design, we evaluated a programme facilitated by a nongovernmental organization that was implemented by the Indian government within existing infrastructure in two rural districts of Uttar Pradesh, northern India. Mothers who had given birth in the 2 years preceding the surveys were interviewed during the baseline (n = 14 952) and endline (n = 13 826) surveys. The primary outcome measure was reduction of neonatal mortality. FINDINGS: In the intervention district, the frequency of home visits by community-based workers increased during both antenatal (from 16% to 56%) and postnatal (from 3% to 39%) periods, as did frequency of maternal and newborn care practices. In the comparison district, no improvement in home visits was observed and the only notable behaviour change was that women had saved money for emergency medical treatment. Neonatal mortality rates remained unchanged in both districts when only an antenatal visit was received. However, neonates who received a postnatal home visit within 28 days of birth had 34% lower neonatal mortality (35.7 deaths per 1000 live births, 95% confidence interval, CI: 29.2-42.1) than those who received no postnatal visit (53.8 deaths per 1000 live births, 95% CI: 48.9-58.8), after adjusting for sociodemographic variables. Three-quarters of the mortality reduction was seen in those who were visited within the first 3 days after birth. The effect on mortality remained statistically significant when excluding babies who died on the day of birth. CONCLUSION: The limited programme coverage did not enable an effect on neonatal mortality to be observed at the population level. A reduction in neonatal mortality rates in those receiving postnatal home visits shows potential for the programme to have an effect on neonatal deaths.
OBJECTIVE: To assess the impact of the newborn health component of a large-scale community-based integrated nutrition and health programme. METHODS: Using a quasi-experimental design, we evaluated a programme facilitated by a nongovernmental organization that was implemented by the Indian government within existing infrastructure in two rural districts of Uttar Pradesh, northern India. Mothers who had given birth in the 2 years preceding the surveys were interviewed during the baseline (n = 14 952) and endline (n = 13 826) surveys. The primary outcome measure was reduction of neonatal mortality. FINDINGS: In the intervention district, the frequency of home visits by community-based workers increased during both antenatal (from 16% to 56%) and postnatal (from 3% to 39%) periods, as did frequency of maternal and newborn care practices. In the comparison district, no improvement in home visits was observed and the only notable behaviour change was that women had saved money for emergency medical treatment. Neonatal mortality rates remained unchanged in both districts when only an antenatal visit was received. However, neonates who received a postnatal home visit within 28 days of birth had 34% lower neonatal mortality (35.7 deaths per 1000 live births, 95% confidence interval, CI: 29.2-42.1) than those who received no postnatal visit (53.8 deaths per 1000 live births, 95% CI: 48.9-58.8), after adjusting for sociodemographic variables. Three-quarters of the mortality reduction was seen in those who were visited within the first 3 days after birth. The effect on mortality remained statistically significant when excluding babies who died on the day of birth. CONCLUSION: The limited programme coverage did not enable an effect on neonatal mortality to be observed at the population level. A reduction in neonatal mortality rates in those receiving postnatal home visits shows potential for the programme to have an effect on neonatal deaths.
Authors: Jeffrey R Willis; Vishwajeet Kumar; Saroj Mohanty; Vivek Singh; Aarti Kumar; Jai V Singh; Rajendra P Misra; Shally Awasthi; Pramod Singh; Amit Gupta; Abdullah H Baqui; Mathuram Santosham; Gary L Darmstadt Journal: J Trop Pediatr Date: 2011-12-06 Impact factor: 1.165
Authors: Cesar G Victora; Joanna Armstrong Schellenberg; Luis Huicho; João Amaral; Shams El Arifeen; George Pariyo; Fatuma Manzi; Robert W Scherpbier; Jennifer Bryce; Jean-Pierre Habicht Journal: Health Policy Plan Date: 2005-12 Impact factor: 3.344
Authors: Jennifer Bryce; Cesar G Victora; Jean-Pierre Habicht; Robert E Black; Robert W Scherpbier Journal: Health Policy Plan Date: 2005-12 Impact factor: 3.344
Authors: A H Baqui; G L Darmstadt; E K Williams; V Kumar; T U Kiran; D Panwar; V K Srivastava; R Ahuja; R E Black; M Santosham Journal: Bull World Health Organ Date: 2006-09 Impact factor: 9.408
Authors: Praween K Agrawal; Sutapa Agrawal; Saifuddin Ahmed; Gary L Darmstadt; Emma K Williams; Heather E Rosen; Vishwajeet Kumar; Usha Kiran; Ramesh C Ahuja; Vinod K Srivastava; Mathuram Santosham; Robert E Black; Abdullah H Baqui Journal: Health Policy Plan Date: 2011-03-08 Impact factor: 3.344
Authors: Amnesty LeFevre; Samuel D Shillcutt; Samir K Saha; A S M Nawshad Uddin Ahmed; Saifuddin Ahmed; Mak Azad Chowdhury; Paul A Law; Robert Black; Mathuram Santosham; Gary L Darmstadt Journal: Bull World Health Organ Date: 2010-01-08 Impact factor: 9.408
Authors: Gary L Darmstadt; Yoonjoung Choi; Shams E Arifeen; Sanwarul Bari; Syed M Rahman; Ishtiaq Mannan; Habibur Rahman Seraji; Peter J Winch; Samir K Saha; A S M Nawshad Uddin Ahmed; Saifuddin Ahmed; Nazma Begum; Anne C C Lee; Robert E Black; Mathuram Santosham; Derrick Crook; Abdullah H Baqui Journal: PLoS One Date: 2010-03-24 Impact factor: 3.240
Authors: John P Elder; Willo Pequegnat; Saifuddin Ahmed; Gretchen Bachman; Merry Bullock; Waldemar A Carlo; Venkatraman Chandra-Mouli; Nathan A Fox; Sara Harkness; Gillian Huebner; Joan Lombardi; Velma McBride Murry; Allisyn Moran; Maureen Norton; Jennifer Mulik; Will Parks; Helen H Raikes; Joseph Smyser; Caroline Sugg; Michael Sweat; Nurper Ulkuer Journal: J Health Commun Date: 2014
Authors: Abdullah H Baqui; Saifuddin Ahmed; Shams El Arifeen; Gary L Darmstadt; Amanda M Rosecrans; Ishtiaq Mannan; Syed M Rahman; Nazma Begum; Arif B A Mahmud; Habibur R Seraji; Emma K Williams; Peter J Winch; Mathuram Santosham; Robert E Black Journal: BMJ Date: 2009-08-14