BACKGROUND: Following the introduction of a 7-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine for children in 2000, there has been a decrease in the incidence of invasive pneumococcal disease among both children and adults in the United States. We evaluated the hypothesis that the case-fatality and mortality rates for invasive pneumococcal disease have also decreased since 2000. METHODS: We conducted a population-based outcome study in Olmsted County, Minnesota, during the period 1995-2007 that involved patients of all ages. RESULTS: From 1 January 1995 through 31 December 2007, a total of 180 eligible cases of invasive pneumococcal disease were identified in Olmsted County. During the 13-year study period, the overall case-fatality rate for invasive pneumococcal disease decreased from 19% (14 of 74 cases) in 1995-1999 to 5% (5 of 91 cases) in 2001-2007, an 83% decrease, after adjustment for age, sex, and Charlson comorbidity index score (P =.003). The largest decreases in case-fatality rate were seen among adults aged >/=65 years (an 86% decrease, from 31% [9 of 29 cases] to 8% [3 of 40 cases]; P=.02) and patients with invasive pneumonia (a 78% decrease, from 22% [12 of 55 cases] to 7% [5 of 72 cases]; P=.01). The overall mortality rate for invasive pneumococcal disease decreased from 2.9 deaths per 100,000 person-years in 1995-1999 to 0.7 deaths per 100,000 person-years in 2001-2007, a 78% decrease, after adjustment for age and sex in a Poisson regression model (P=.002). CONCLUSIONS: Significant decreases in the case-fatality and mortality rates for invasive pneumococcal disease were demonstrated in the population of Olmsted County. Additional studies are needed to confirm our findings in other populations.
BACKGROUND: Following the introduction of a 7-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine for children in 2000, there has been a decrease in the incidence of invasive pneumococcal disease among both children and adults in the United States. We evaluated the hypothesis that the case-fatality and mortality rates for invasive pneumococcal disease have also decreased since 2000. METHODS: We conducted a population-based outcome study in Olmsted County, Minnesota, during the period 1995-2007 that involved patients of all ages. RESULTS: From 1 January 1995 through 31 December 2007, a total of 180 eligible cases of invasive pneumococcal disease were identified in Olmsted County. During the 13-year study period, the overall case-fatality rate for invasive pneumococcal disease decreased from 19% (14 of 74 cases) in 1995-1999 to 5% (5 of 91 cases) in 2001-2007, an 83% decrease, after adjustment for age, sex, and Charlson comorbidity index score (P =.003). The largest decreases in case-fatality rate were seen among adults aged >/=65 years (an 86% decrease, from 31% [9 of 29 cases] to 8% [3 of 40 cases]; P=.02) and patients with invasive pneumonia (a 78% decrease, from 22% [12 of 55 cases] to 7% [5 of 72 cases]; P=.01). The overall mortality rate for invasive pneumococcal disease decreased from 2.9 deaths per 100,000 person-years in 1995-1999 to 0.7 deaths per 100,000 person-years in 2001-2007, a 78% decrease, after adjustment for age and sex in a Poisson regression model (P=.002). CONCLUSIONS: Significant decreases in the case-fatality and mortality rates for invasive pneumococcal disease were demonstrated in the population of Olmsted County. Additional studies are needed to confirm our findings in other populations.
Authors: Carrie L Byington; Matthew H Samore; Gregory J Stoddard; Steve Barlow; Judy Daly; Kent Korgenski; Sean Firth; David Glover; Jasmin Jensen; Edward O Mason; Cheryl K Shutt; Andrew T Pavia Journal: Clin Infect Dis Date: 2005-05-26 Impact factor: 9.079
Authors: Catherine A Lexau; Ruth Lynfield; Richard Danila; Tamara Pilishvili; Richard Facklam; Monica M Farley; Lee H Harrison; William Schaffner; Arthur Reingold; Nancy M Bennett; James Hadler; Paul R Cieslak; Cynthia G Whitney Journal: JAMA Date: 2005-10-26 Impact factor: 56.272
Authors: Imad M Tleyjeh; James M Steckelberg; Hani S Murad; Nandan S Anavekar; Hassan M K Ghomrawi; Zaur Mirzoyev; Sherif E Moustafa; Tanya L Hoskin; Jayawant N Mandrekar; Walter R Wilson; Larry M Baddour Journal: JAMA Date: 2005-06-22 Impact factor: 56.272
Authors: Katherine A Poehling; Thomas R Talbot; Marie R Griffin; Allen S Craig; Cynthia G Whitney; Elizabeth Zell; Catherine A Lexau; Ann R Thomas; Lee H Harrison; Arthur L Reingold; James L Hadler; Monica M Farley; Bridget J Anderson; William Schaffner Journal: JAMA Date: 2006-04-12 Impact factor: 56.272
Authors: Cynthia G Whitney; Monica M Farley; James Hadler; Lee H Harrison; Nancy M Bennett; Ruth Lynfield; Arthur Reingold; Paul R Cieslak; Tamara Pilishvili; Delois Jackson; Richard R Facklam; James H Jorgensen; Anne Schuchat Journal: N Engl J Med Date: 2003-05-01 Impact factor: 91.245
Authors: Rosalyn J Singleton; Thomas W Hennessy; Lisa R Bulkow; Laura L Hammitt; Tammy Zulz; Debby A Hurlburt; Jay C Butler; Karen Rudolph; Alan Parkinson Journal: JAMA Date: 2007-04-25 Impact factor: 56.272
Authors: Daniel Z Uslan; Sarah J Crane; James M Steckelberg; Franklin R Cockerill; Jennifer L St Sauver; Walter R Wilson; Larry M Baddour Journal: Arch Intern Med Date: 2007-04-23
Authors: Lauri A Hicks; Lee H Harrison; Brendan Flannery; James L Hadler; William Schaffner; Allen S Craig; Delois Jackson; Ann Thomas; Bernard Beall; Ruth Lynfield; Arthur Reingold; Monica M Farley; Cynthia G Whitney Journal: J Infect Dis Date: 2007-10-04 Impact factor: 5.226