BACKGROUND: In sub-Saharan Africa, genotype E is the predominant genotype throughout a vast region spanning from Senegal to Namibia and extending to the Central African Republic in the East. Despite its wide geographic distribution and the high prevalence throughout this genotype E crescent, this genotype has a very low genetic diversity. OBJECTIVES: Here we review our current understanding of genotype E reanalysing all currently available sequences of the S gene and the complete genome. RESULTS: Phylogenetic analysis of the complete genome sequences confirmed a previously suggested South-West/Central African cluster and several lineages of West African sequences. The overall mean genetic distance was 1.71%, with the more Southern countries of the genotype E crescent exhibiting lower distances than the Northern countries. CONCLUSIONS: Genotype E seems to have a longer natural history in the Northern part of the genotype E crescent than in the Southern countries. As genotype E is essentially absent from the Americas despite the Afro-American slave trade until at least the beginning of the 19th century, genotype E strains may have been introduced into the general African population only within the past 200 years. How the virus may have spread throughout the genotype E crescent warrants further investigation.
BACKGROUND: In sub-Saharan Africa, genotype E is the predominant genotype throughout a vast region spanning from Senegal to Namibia and extending to the Central African Republic in the East. Despite its wide geographic distribution and the high prevalence throughout this genotype E crescent, this genotype has a very low genetic diversity. OBJECTIVES: Here we review our current understanding of genotype E reanalysing all currently available sequences of the S gene and the complete genome. RESULTS: Phylogenetic analysis of the complete genome sequences confirmed a previously suggested South-West/Central African cluster and several lineages of West African sequences. The overall mean genetic distance was 1.71%, with the more Southern countries of the genotype E crescent exhibiting lower distances than the Northern countries. CONCLUSIONS: Genotype E seems to have a longer natural history in the Northern part of the genotype E crescent than in the Southern countries. As genotype E is essentially absent from the Americas despite the Afro-American slave trade until at least the beginning of the 19th century, genotype E strains may have been introduced into the general African population only within the past 200 years. How the virus may have spread throughout the genotype E crescent warrants further investigation.
Authors: Joseph C Forbi; Gilberto Vaughan; Michael A Purdy; David S Campo; Guo-liang Xia; Lilia M Ganova-Raeva; Sumathi Ramachandran; Hong Thai; Yury E Khudyakov Journal: PLoS One Date: 2010-07-19 Impact factor: 3.240
Authors: Joseph C Forbi; Yousr Ben-Ayed; Guo-liang Xia; Gilberto Vaughan; Jan Drobeniuc; William M Switzer; Yury E Khudyakov Journal: J Clin Virol Date: 2013-07-17 Impact factor: 3.168
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Authors: Barbara V Lago; Francisco C Mello; Flavia S Ribas; Fatima Valente; Caroline C Soares; Christian Niel; Selma A Gomes Journal: PLoS One Date: 2014-03-14 Impact factor: 3.240