BACKGROUND: The idea that autologous bone marrow derived stem cells (BMCs) can transdifferentiate into cardiomyocytes or vascular cells has been challenged in several scientific reports. OBJECTIVE/ METHODS: This review summarises conditions for stem cell mobilisation, their use for therapeutic approaches to prevent ischaemic cardiomyopathy after acute myocardial infarction and current clinical trials. Mechanisms for mobilisation and homing of BMCs are discussed. RESULTS/ CONCLUSIONS: The improvement in cardiac function after migration of autologous BMCs to the heart can be explained by their paracrine effects, inducing angiogenesis and preventing ischaemic myocardium from apoptosis. These effects may explain why the number of circulating BMCs is directly correlated with cardiovascular risk and life expectancy. Exercise and hormones are physiological stimuli for the mobilisation of BMCs, whereas cardiovascular risk factors severely reduce their number and functions. Current cardiovascular medications increase the amounts of autologous BMCs.
BACKGROUND: The idea that autologous bone marrow derived stem cells (BMCs) can transdifferentiate into cardiomyocytes or vascular cells has been challenged in several scientific reports. OBJECTIVE/ METHODS: This review summarises conditions for stem cell mobilisation, their use for therapeutic approaches to prevent ischaemic cardiomyopathy after acute myocardial infarction and current clinical trials. Mechanisms for mobilisation and homing of BMCs are discussed. RESULTS/ CONCLUSIONS: The improvement in cardiac function after migration of autologous BMCs to the heart can be explained by their paracrine effects, inducing angiogenesis and preventing ischaemic myocardium from apoptosis. These effects may explain why the number of circulating BMCs is directly correlated with cardiovascular risk and life expectancy. Exercise and hormones are physiological stimuli for the mobilisation of BMCs, whereas cardiovascular risk factors severely reduce their number and functions. Current cardiovascular medications increase the amounts of autologous BMCs.
Authors: Ali Ziadloo; Scott R Burks; Eric M Gold; Bobbi K Lewis; Aneeka Chaudhry; Maria J Merino; Victor Frenkel; Joseph A Frank Journal: Stem Cells Date: 2012-06 Impact factor: 6.277
Authors: Michael Lichtenauer; Michael Mildner; Konrad Hoetzenecker; Matthias Zimmermann; Bruno Karl Podesser; Wolfgang Sipos; Ervin Berényi; Martin Dworschak; Erwin Tschachler; Mariann Gyöngyösi; Hendrik Jan Ankersmit Journal: Basic Res Cardiol Date: 2011-09-28 Impact factor: 17.165
Authors: Julia M Kröpfl; Ingeborg Stelzer; Harald Mangge; Karin Pekovits; Robert Fuchs; Nathalie Allard; Lukas Schinagl; Peter Hofmann; Gottfried Dohr; Sandra Wallner-Liebmann; Wolfgang Domej; Wolfram Müller Journal: PLoS One Date: 2014-09-02 Impact factor: 3.240
Authors: Patrick Altmann; Michael Mildner; Thomas Haider; Denise Traxler; Lucian Beer; Robin Ristl; Bahar Golabi; Christian Gabriel; Fritz Leutmezer; Hendrik Jan Ankersmit Journal: F1000Res Date: 2014-06-19