Substance use disorders in adolescents with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder.

Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and substance use disorders are commonly observed together, particularly in clinical populations of adolescents. The co-occurrence of these problems is common and presents challenges for the clinician in assessment and management. This article will review the extent of the problem, the relationship in terms of risk and prognosis, and management issues, including the use of stimulant and nonstimulant medications and the risk of abuse, misuse, and diversion.