Are we giving biologics too much time? When should we stop treatment?

The optimal duration of biological treatment, particularly anti-TNF, in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a very important question both for patients and physicians. There is no published evidence to clearly and definitely answer this question. However data on natural history of IBD, long term safety of biologics, immunosuppressors (IS) cessation and some preliminary studies on biologics cessation may help us to discuss this topic. The decision to stop a biological treatment is currently based on a compromise between the benefits and risks associated with the prolongation of this treatment. IBD, more particularly CD, are characterized by the development of complications and the need for recurrent hospitalizations and surgeries in approximately 2/3 of cases. In these patients potentially in need of biological treatments, it is probable that, as it has been demonstrated for IS, the longer a stable remission has be achieved under treatment, the lower the risk of relapse is after treatment cessation. Further prospective studies should now aim at disclosing patient characteristics associated with a low risk of relapse to implement this strategy.