Time-dependent changes in striatal xCT protein expression in hemi-Parkinson rats.

Altered glutamate signaling is associated with Parkinson's disease. To study the involvement of the cystine/glutamate antiporter in the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease, we developed new polyclonal antibodies recognizing xCT, the specific subunit of this antiporter. The striatal xCT protein expression level was investigated in a hemi-Parkinson rat model, using semiquantitative western blotting. We observed time-dependent changes after a unilateral 6-hydroxydopamine lesion of the nigrostriatal pathway with increased expression levels in the deafferented striatum after 3 weeks. Twelve weeks postlesion, expression levels returned to normal. These data suggest, for the first time, an involvement of the cystine/glutamate antiporter in determining the aberrant glutamate neurotransmission in the striatum of a parkinsonian brain.