Literature DB >> 18801549

Western Equine Encephalitis submergence: lack of evidence for a decline in virus virulence.

Naomi L Forrester1, Joan L Kenney, Eleanor Deardorff, Eryu Wang, Scott C Weaver.   

Abstract

The incidence of Western Equine Encephalitis (WEE) in humans and equids peaked during the mid-20th century and has declined to fewer than 1-2 human cases annually during the past 20 years. Using the mouse model, changes in WEE virus (WEEV) virulence were investigated as a potential explanation for the decline in the number of cases. Evaluation of 10 WEEV strains representing a variety of isolation locations, hosts, and all decades from the 1940's to the 1990's yielded no evidence of a decline in virulence. These results suggest that ecological factors affecting human and equine exposure should be investigated to explain the decline in WEE.

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Year:  2008        PMID： 18801549      PMCID： PMC2574696          DOI： 10.1016/j.virol.2008.08.012

Source DB:  PubMed          Journal:  Virology        ISSN： 0042-6822            Impact factor:   3.616


  15 in total

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Authors:  S C Weaver; W Kang; Y Shirako; T Rumenapf; E G Strauss; J H Strauss
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5.  Mouse and baby chicken virulence of enzootic strains of western equine encephalomyelitis virus from California.

Authors:  J L Hardy; S B Presser; R E Chiles; W C Reeves
Journal:  Am J Trop Med Hyg       Date:  1997-08       Impact factor: 2.345

6.  Human eastern equine encephalitis in Massachusetts: predictive indicators from mosquitoes collected at 10 long-term trap sites, 1979-2004.

Authors:  Masahiko Hachiya; Matthew Osborne; Cynthia Stinson; Barbara G Werner
Journal:  Am J Trop Med Hyg       Date:  2007-02       Impact factor: 2.345

7.  Infectivity variation and genetic diversity among strains of Western equine encephalitis virus.

Authors:  Les P Nagata; Wei-Gang Hu; Michael Parker; Damon Chau; George A Rayner; Fay L Schmaltz; Jonathan P Wong
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8.  Differential induction of type I interferon responses in myeloid dendritic cells by mosquito and mammalian-cell-derived alphaviruses.

Authors:  Reed S Shabman; Thomas E Morrison; Christopher Moore; Laura White; Mehul S Suthar; Linda Hueston; Nestor Rulli; Brett Lidbury; Jenny P-Y Ting; Suresh Mahalingam; Mark T Heise
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9.  Arboviral disease--United States, 1994.

Authors: 
Journal:  MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep       Date:  1995-09-08       Impact factor: 17.586

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Authors:  William K Reisen; Ying Fang; Aaron C Brault
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  17 in total

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Journal:  Arch Neurol       Date:  2009-08

Review 4.  Alphaviruses: population genetics and determinants of emergence.

Authors:  Scott C Weaver; Richard Winegar; Ian D Manger; Naomi L Forrester
Journal:  Antiviral Res       Date:  2012-04-19       Impact factor: 5.970

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6.  Variation in western equine encephalomyelitis viral strain growth in mammalian, avian, and mosquito cells fails to explain temporal changes in enzootic and epidemic activity in California.

Authors:  Miaotao Zhang; Ying Fang; Aaron C Brault; William K Reisen
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7.  Chimeric alphavirus vaccine candidates protect mice from intranasal challenge with western equine encephalitis virus.

Authors:  Svetlana Atasheva; Eryu Wang; A Paige Adams; Kenneth S Plante; Sai Ni; Katherine Taylor; Mary E Miller; Ilya Frolov; Scott C Weaver
Journal:  Vaccine       Date:  2009-05-27       Impact factor: 3.641

8.  Virulence variation among isolates of western equine encephalitis virus in an outbred mouse model.

Authors:  Christopher H Logue; Christopher F Bosio; Thomas Welte; Kimberley M Keene; Jeremy P Ledermann; Aaron Phillips; Brian J Sheahan; Dennis J Pierro; Nicole Marlenee; Aaron C Brault; Catharine M Bosio; Amber J Singh; Ann M Powers; Ken E Olson
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9.  Western equine encephalitis virus: evolutionary analysis of a declining alphavirus based on complete genome sequences.

Authors:  Nicholas A Bergren; Albert J Auguste; Naomi L Forrester; Surendra S Negi; Werner A Braun; Scott C Weaver
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10.  Molecular determinants of mouse neurovirulence and mosquito infection for Western equine encephalitis virus.

Authors:  Eric C Mossel; Jeremy P Ledermann; Aaron T Phillips; Erin M Borland; Ann M Powers; Ken E Olson
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